Copper-based shape memory alloy and preparation method and application of copper-based shape memory alloy

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of memory alloys, in particular to a copper-based shape memory alloy and a preparation method and application of the copper-based shape memory alloy. The copper-based shape memory alloy comprises the following chemical compositions, by mass percent, of 19-27% of Zn, 3.5-6.8% of Al, 1.0-3.5% of Mn, 0.5-3.6% of Sn, 0.01-0.3% of P, 0.01-0.05% of B, 0.02-0.6% of LaCe misch metal, and the balance Cu. The copper-based shape memory alloy has excellent memory performance, fatigue resistance and high temperature hot tearing resistance, the fatigue limit canbe improved by 55%, and the corrosion fatigue strength can be improved by 60%. The cavitation corrosion resistance is improved by 65%, the environment corrosion resistance to acidic and alkaline water, seawater and corrosive aerial fog is improved by 25 times, and thus the service life is prolonged by more than 6 times.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of memory alloys, in particular to a copper-based shape memory alloy and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] With the continuous development of science and technology, people have found that metals have shape memory function, and shape memory alloy is a new type of functional material that has been studied more in recent years, and will be widely used in aerospace, military industry, automobiles, instruments, automatic control , medical bioengineering, robotics, artificial intelligence equipment and other fields. At present, the shape memory alloys that are widely used are divided into three categories: Ni-Ti base system, Cu base system, and Fe base system, while copper base shape memory alloys have excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, low price, and a large phase transition temperature range. , therefore, copper-based shape memory alloys have broad application pr...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] For example, the copper-based shape memory alloy recorded in Chinese patent CN104911396A is composed of Cu-Al-Mn and trace elements, and the memory alloy material is obtained by homogenizing heat treatment and rolling process; the copper-based shape memory alloy recorded in Chinese patent CN102400008A is composed of Cu-Zn - Al element composition, the memory alloy material is obtained by homogenizing heat treatment and cold rolling; the copper-based shape memory alloy recorded in the Chinese patent CN109266887A is composed of Cu-Al-Mn and trace elements, heat-treated at 850 ° C for 15 minutes, and then in Quenching in water, then heating to 850°C for 10 minutes, cooling in water at room temperature to obtain a memory alloy material; the copper-based shape memory alloy described in the patent US697701782 is composed of Cu-Zn-Al elements, and the memory alloy material is obtained through a heat treatment process; Japanese Patent Sho 63 -28974 provides a Cu-Zn-based shape memory alloy, which has improved processing performance compared with ordinary Cu-Zn-based memory alloys, but the shape memory performance and service life have not been improved

[0005] The above-mentioned prior art is still limited to binary alloys and ternary alloys, all of which obtain memory performance through heat treatment, but the memory performance has a phenomenon of rapid decline, and the performance is unstable; the change of the memory alloy material has hysteresis, and there are damages and defects in itself. Defects such as cracks, short service life and potential safety hazards

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