Large liquid oxygen subcooling degree acquisition system utilizing cooling capacity of liquid hydrogen

Abstract

A large liquid oxygen subcooling degree acquisition system utilizing the cooling capacity of liquid hydrogen comprises a liquid oxygen storage tank, wherein a pressurization outlet at the bottom of the liquid oxygen storage tank is connected to a return port at the top of the liquid oxygen storage tank through an air bath type vaporizer; a discharge port at the bottom of the liquid oxygen storagetank is connected to a filling port at the bottom of a built-in storage box through a liquid nitrogen bath type heat exchanger and an oxygen-helium heat exchanger; a pressurization port at the top ofthe built-in storage box is connected to an outlet of a first high-pressure helium tank; a liquid nitrogen side inlet of the liquid nitrogen bath type heat exchanger is connected to an outlet of a liquid nitrogen storage tank; evacuation from a nitrogen side outlet of the liquid nitrogen bath type heat exchanger is achieved through a nitrogen discharge valve; a helium side outlet of the oxygen-helium heat exchanger is connected to a helium side inlet of the oxygen-helium heat exchanger through a helium blower and a helium-hydrogen heat exchanger; a liquid hydrogen side inlet of the helium-hydrogen heat exchanger is connected to an outlet of a liquid hydrogen storage tank; and discharging from a hydrogen side outlet of the helium-hydrogen heat exchanger is achieved through a hydrogen discharge valve. The system provided by the invention has the advantages that liquid nitrogen precooling serves as a primary heat exchange cold source, liquid hydrogen serves as a secondary heat exchange cold source, and helium serves as an intermediate heat transfer medium, so that deeply subcooled liquid oxygen, of which the temperature is lower than 66K, can be prepared; and the structure is simple,and the operation is reliable.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of obtaining the subcooling degree of low-temperature propellant at an aerospace launch site, in particular to a system for obtaining a large supercooling degree of liquid oxygen by utilizing the cooling capacity of liquid hydrogen. Background technique [0002] As an aerospace oxidant, liquid oxygen plays an important role in the field of launch vehicles entering space and space propulsion. Due to the low boiling point of liquid oxygen, there are a lot of phase change and two-phase flow problems in its use. Supercooling liquid oxygen from a saturated state can reduce the management problems of two-phase flow, increase the density of liquid oxygen, and reduce the storage tank. Volume, enhance the rocket carrying capacity. [0003] The liquid oxygen injected into cryogenic rockets is usually in a saturated state under normal pressure, with a temperature of about 90K and a density of about 1142kg / m 3 . When...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] Different supercooling technologies can be used at the rocket launch site to obtain liquid oxygen in different supercooling temperature zones: using saturated liquid nitrogen for precooling and heat exchange, supercooled liquid oxygen in a temperature zone of 80K can be obtained; the liquid nitrogen can be evacuated and decompressed for heat exchange, which can be used Obtain supercooled liquid oxygen in the 66K temperature zone; since the triple point temperature of liquid nitrogen is 63.15K, if you want to further increase the supercooling degree of liquid oxygen, you need to vacuumize the liquid oxygen itself if you want to continue the above-mentioned idea of ​​evacuating and decompressing. When it is 66K, the corresponding saturated vapor pressure is only 2.88kPa, and it is difficult to evacuate; since the evacuation equipment directly acts on oxygen, there is a huge potential safety hazard; there are problems such as leakage to the liquid oxygen storage tank and contamination of liquid oxygen

[0006] A large-scale helium refrigeration system can also provide supercooling to liquid oxygen, but the working temperature range of a conventional helium refrigeration system is between room temperature and the supercooled liquid oxygen temperature range, and the cooling efficiency is low and the power consumption is huge

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