Magnetic material supported phosphine functionalized polyether ionic liquid catalyst and application thereof in olefin hydroformylation reaction

Abstract

The invention relates to a silica gel coated ferroferric oxide core-shell structure magnetic material loaded phosphine functionalized polyether ionic liquid catalyst and application thereof in olefinhydroformylation reaction. A preparation method comprises the step of immobilizing phosphine functionalized polyether ionic liquid on the surface of the silica gel coated ferroferric oxide core-shellstructure magnetic material by a chemical bonding method; the phosphine functionalized polyether ionic liquid has high molecular weight, and ether bonds have high flexibility and conformational freedom degree, so that the phosphine functionalized polyether ionic liquid can extend on the surface of the material, an ionic liquid film layer is effectively formed, secondary physical impregnation of solvent ionic liquid is not needed, and the use amount of the ionic liquid is reduced; meanwhile, the phosphine functionalized polyether ionic liquid chemically bonded on the surface of the material realizes integration of a phosphine ligand and the ionic liquid, so that the loss of a rhodium catalyst is effectively reduced, and the defects in the prior art are overcome; the catalytic system has high catalytic activity, the rhodium catalyst can be quickly and conveniently separated, recovered and recycled under the action of an external magnetic field, the rhodium catalyst can be recycled for multiple times, and the catalytic activity and selectivity are not obviously reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of chemistry and chemical engineering, in particular to a silica gel-coated ferric oxide core-shell structure magnetic material loaded phosphine functionalized polyether ionic liquid catalyst and its application in olefin hydroformylation. Background technique [0002] The rhodium-catalyzed hydroformylation of olefins is a typical atom-economical reaction, and it is also a carbonylation reaction with more reports in the literature. It has become an ideal method for the preparation of high-carbon aldehydes / alcohols. Homogeneous hydroformylation has the advantages of high catalytic activity, good selectivity and mild reaction conditions, but the separation and recycling of rhodium catalysts has been the focus of attention in the field of homogeneous catalysis for a long time. [0003] In recent years, with the increasing emphasis on green chemistry and the demand for environmentally friendly solvents, green so...

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Problems solved by technology

Homogeneous hydroformylation has the advantages of high catalytic activity, good selectivity and mild reaction conditions, but for a long time, the separation and recycling of rhodium catalysts has been the focus of attention in the field of homogeneous catalysis

[0007] The impregnation method based on the principle of physical adsorption is a common method for preparing immobilized ionic liquids. Its advantages are simple and convenient, but the ionic liquid and the rhodium catalyst dissolved in the ionic liquid layer are easily lost from the surface of the carrier; the chemical bonding method immobilizes the ionic liquid Improve the deficiency of the physical impregnation method, because the cation or anion of the ionic liquid is coupled with the active functional group on the surface of the carrier material through the covalent All of them are small molecular ionic liquids. It is often difficult for the ionic liquid to form an ionic liquid film on the surface of the carrier by the simple chemical bonding method, and the rhodium catalyst cannot be effectively immobilized in the ionic liquid layer; Overcoming the shortcomings of physical impregnation and chemical bonding, on the basis of chemically bonding ionic liquids, a certain amount of solvent ionic liquids are further physically adsorbed on the surface of the material by secondary impregnation to form an ionic liquid liquid film, and then the rhodium catalyst is immobilized in the solvent In the ionic liquid layer, but the preparation steps of this method are complicated, and the amount of ionic liquid consumed is still high

[0008] In addition, since the particle size of silica-based material-supported ionic liquid phase catalysts is usually finer, the sedimentation velocity of the catalyst is slower during the separation process, which affects the efficiency of the catalytic reaction.

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