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Controllable synthesis method of yolk-shell type silicon/carbon composite negative electrode material

A negative electrode material, carbon composite technology, applied in the direction of negative electrode, battery electrode, active material electrode, etc., to achieve the effect of low cost, convenient for large-scale production, and elimination of volume effect

Pending Publication Date: 2021-03-02
HUNAN NORMAL UNIVERSITY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, how to controllably adjust important parameters such as the size of the silicon core, the thickness of the carbon layer, the gap between silicon and carbon, the graphitization of the carbon layer, and the doping composition is not reported in this patent.

Method used

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  • Controllable synthesis method of yolk-shell type silicon/carbon composite negative electrode material
  • Controllable synthesis method of yolk-shell type silicon/carbon composite negative electrode material
  • Controllable synthesis method of yolk-shell type silicon/carbon composite negative electrode material

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment example 1

[0031] Step 1. Add 1.2 g of silicon powder to 160 mL of deionized water, dropwise add 6 mL of absolute ethanol to form a silicon raw material solution, and raise the temperature of the water bath to 50 °C; dropwise add 5 mL of 0.04 g L -1 Sodium hydroxide solution, 500 rpm -1 Stir magnetically for 1 h; then suction filter the silicon raw material solution, wash with deionized water and absolute ethanol in turn, transfer to a vacuum oven, and dry at 60 °C for 8 h; obtain silicon / silicon oxide powder; step 2 .Put 0.4 g of the synthetic silicon / silicon oxide powder in step 1 and 0.04 g of glucose into 20 mL of deionized water, and sonicate for 1 h to obtain a mixed solution of silicon powder and glucose; then, heat the solution at 150 °C for 6 h; Centrifuge the solution in the hydrothermal kettle, wash the hydrothermal product with deionized water and absolute ethanol, place it in a vacuum oven at 80 °C, and dry it for 12 h; Under hydrogen atmosphere, anneal at 750 °C for 6 h, a...

Embodiment example 2

[0033]Step 1. Add 1.2 g of silicon powder to 160 mL of deionized water, add 1 mL of absolute ethanol dropwise to form a silicon raw material solution, and heat up to 50 °C in a water bath; add 5 ml of 0.04 g / L lithium hydroxide solution dropwise, 500 r min -1 Stir magnetically for 1 h; then suction filter the silicon raw material solution, wash with deionized water and absolute ethanol in turn, transfer to a vacuum oven, and dry at 60 °C for 8 h; obtain silicon / silicon oxide powder; step 2 .Put 0.5 g of the synthetic silicon / silicon oxide powder and 0.05 g of glucose in 10 mL of deionized water into 10 mL of deionized water, and sonicate for 2 h to obtain a mixed solution of silicon powder and glucose; then, heat the solution at 150 °C for 6 h; Centrifuge the solution in the hydrothermal kettle, wash the hydrothermal product with deionized water and absolute ethanol, place it in a vacuum oven at 80 °C, and dry it for 12 h; Under hydrogen atmosphere, anneal at 750 °C for 6 h, ...

Embodiment example 3

[0035] Step 1. Add 2 g of silicon powder to 160 mL of deionized water, add dropwise 1 mL of absolute ethanol to form a silicon raw material solution, and heat up to 50 °C in a water bath; dropwise add 10 mL of 0.64 g L -1 Sodium hydroxide solution, 500 r min -1 Stir magnetically for 2 h; then suction filter the silicon raw material solution, wash with deionized water and absolute ethanol in turn, transfer to a vacuum oven, and dry at 60 °C for 8 h; obtain silicon / silicon oxide powder; step 2 .Put 0.5 g of the synthetic silicon / silicon oxide powder and 0.2 g of citric acid in 10 mL of deionized water in step 1, and sonicate for 2 h to obtain a mixed solution of silicon powder and citric acid; then, heat the solution at 120 °C for 6 h; Suction filter the solution in the hydrothermal kettle, wash the hydrothermal product with deionized water and absolute ethanol, place it in a vacuum oven at 80 °C, and dry it for 12 h. Subsequently, the hydrothermal product was put into a tube f...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a novel method for controllably preparing a yolk-shell type silicon / carbon composite negative electrode under the assistance of alkali liquor. The technical problem to be solved is to controllably prepare a silicon-carbon yolk-shell structure. The preparation method comprises the following three steps: (1) treating silicon powder with alkali liquor, and constructing a thickness-controllable silicon oxide layer on the surface of the silicon powder; (2) coating the product obtained in the step (1) with an organic matter carbon layer to obtain a silicon / silicon oxide / carbon material; (3) dissolving the silicon oxide transition layer of the product in the step (2) by using dilute HF to obtain the yolk-shell type silicon / carbon composite material. The innovation point ofthe invention is the controllable preparation of a yolk-shell structure, for example, the diameter of primary silicon particles is controllable and adjustable, the thickness, doping, graphitization degree, conductivity and other physical properties of an organic matter carbon layer are controllable and adjustable, and the gap between silicon and carbon is controllable and adjustable. On the whole, raw materials involved in the technology are easy to obtain, operation is convenient and fast, and application and popularization are easy.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of negative electrode materials for lithium ion batteries, and in particular relates to a new method for lye-assisted and controllable preparation of yolk-shell type silicon / carbon composite negative electrodes. Background technique [0002] At present, lithium-ion batteries mainly use graphite as the negative electrode material. However, the graphite anode is limited by the low theoretical specific capacity (372 mAh g -1 ), which can no longer meet the development needs of current power vehicles for high specific energy batteries. Silicon-based materials, due to their high theoretical capacity (~3580 mAh g -1 , Li 15 Si 4 ) and relatively low charging plateau (~0.4 V vs. Li / Li + ), becoming the most potential anode material. However, silicon materials still face problems such as poor conductivity, significant volume change, and easy pulverization and breakage during the electrode process, which eventually leads...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/583H01M10/0525
CPCH01M4/366H01M4/386H01M4/583H01M10/0525H01M2004/027Y02E60/10
Inventor 杨立山潘皓朱文强周君
Owner HUNAN NORMAL UNIVERSITY
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