Equipment and method for enriching germanium in low-grade germanium concentrate through two-stage reduction volatilization

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of germanium recovery and extraction, and particularly discloses equipment and method for enriching germanium in low-grade germanium concentrate through two-stage reduction volatilization. The equipment comprises nitrogen supply equipment, a rotary volatilization furnace, a vertical reduction furnace and a bag collector which are connected in sequence, wherein the vertical reduction furnace is further connected with a hydrogen supply device and a hydrochloric acid treatment pond. The method comprises the following steps: crushing low-grade germanium concentrate, then adding a reducing agent, uniformly mixing, and then putting into a rotary volatilization furnace; firstly carrying out oxidizing roasting volatilization in the rotary volatilization furnace to remove substances being volatile at a low temperature; then heating the rotary volatilization furnace, and carrying out first-stage reduction volatilization on germanium; feeding the volatilized germanium into a vertical reduction furnace, and introducing hydrogen for reduction to obtain germanium-containing solid particles; and adding hydrochloric acid for reacting to obtain germanium metal. The two-stage germanium enrichment process is adopted, so that the enrichment multiple of secondary enrichment of the germanium concentrate and the grade of the germanium concentrate are improved, and the problems that the recovery rate is reduced, the cost is high, and the environmental influence is large in the subsequent process of germanium extraction through chlorination are solved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of germanium recovery and extraction, in particular to a device and method for enriching germanium in low-grade germanium concentrate through two-stage reduction and volatilization. Background technique [0002] Metal germanium has good semiconductor properties and is an important basic raw material in the fields of information communication and new energy. It is widely used in optical fiber communication, polyester PET catalyst, high-frequency and ultra-high-frequency electronic devices, infrared optics, solar photovoltaic cells, aerospace measurement and control, and nuclear physics. Detection, biomedicine and other military and civilian fields. [0003] Germanium is mainly associated with germanium-bearing lignite and sphalerite. China has abundant reserves of germanium-containing coal, but its content is extremely low and widely distributed, making it difficult to extract germanium efficiently. In my c...

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Problems solved by technology

However, the difficulty in dealing with low-germanium coal dust is that during the process of high-temperature roasting and volatilization of germanium, slag fusion and bonding are very likely to occur, resulting in a decrease in air permeability, resulting in impermeable burning, and even affecting equipment operation. At the same time, germanium cannot be volatilized due to slag wrapping. Germanium has very low volatility

[0006] The vortex smelting power generation of germanium-containing lignite and the classical wet extraction of germanium are mature technologies, and the system upgrade of these two technologies has problems such as high cost and technical difficulty

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