Shape memory polymer inks and methods of printing the same
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example 1
of Slurry Form of SMP Epoxy-GNP Composite
[0044]The as-prepared SMP epoxy was a mixture of three liquid resins (the two epoxy compositions and one curing agent). A slurry form of the resin was prepared by partially curing the SMP epoxy without any chemical aid at 25° C. for 36 hours to increase the viscosity and allow for extrudability (see FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b) to show a representation in the viscosity before and after the curing, respectively). The precursor was further freeze sprayed to inhibit or prevent smudging and retain its shape (see FIG. 1(c)). The same approach was also performed in the preparation of a slurry form of SMP epoxy-GNP composite, after thoroughly mixing SMP epoxy and GNP composition together (see FIG. 1(d)).
[0045]It is difficult to use SMP epoxy resin mixture in its as-prepared state as a 3D printing precursor. The difficulty of using the resin mixture as a printing material is due to its viscosity, a fundamental material property. The epoxy mixture, in its liqu...
example 2
on of SMP Epoxy and SMP Epoxy-GNP Composite by 3D Printing
[0046]3D printing of a dog-bone shape of SMP epoxy and its graphene-based counterpart was performed using a Hyrel System 30M printer with a syringe dispensing system (SDS) extruder. Settings considered for the SDS extruder include software for the stepper motor, nozzle diameter, and “start / end” G-code. The 3D dog-bone models for printing were designed using SolidWorks CAD software. All STL files obtained from SolidWorks were processed by an open source free software Slic3r (http: / / slic3r.org / ), an open-source 3D printing toolbox. Slic3r sliced the files into 200 μm thick layers to generate G-code instructions for the 3D printer. The G-code was created using the spiral option in the Slic3r software. The G-code was sent to the printer using Repetrel software, a proprietary 3D printer host software suite designed by Hyrel 3D company.
[0047]Before 3D printing, a glass slide was placed on the printer bed. The glass slide served as ...
example 3
Tensile Test
[0049]Tensile behavior of the 3D printed samples from Example 2 was examined by performing uniaxial tensile characterization using a mechanical testing stage (SEMtester 1000, MTI Instruments, Inc., Albany, N.Y., USA). The mechanical testing stage load cell (4400 Newtons (N)) was used to perform tensile testing for casting. The operation of the stage was conducted using MTEST Quattro software (ADMET, Norwood, Mass., USA). The tests were performed by holding the sample between the tensile grip fixtures and applying a force that stretched the sample gauge length to a failure at a rate of 1 millimeter per minute (mm / min). Load-displacement data and plot was obtained from the software after the test is completed. Stress was then derived by normalizing load data with the cross-sectional area of the tensile sample. Strain data was obtained by analysis using the DLTdv (direct linear transformation) package in the MATLAB platform.
[0050]The 3D printed dog-bone shape samples of the...
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