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Filter system

a filter system and filter technology, applied in the field of filter systems, can solve the problems of reducing the commercial value of the ash, affecting the efficiency of the ash removal process, and so as to reduce or eliminate the contamination of fly ash, improve the efficiency of mercury removal, and facilitate the effect of cost-effective retrofi

Inactive Publication Date: 2005-07-07
WL GORE & ASSOC INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention is an improved filtration system for capturing mercury and other pollutants in flue gases generated by process gas streams. The system includes a filter element and an adsorbent component with a unique chemical composition that captures mercury on the downstream side of the filter element. The adsorbent component includes a high surface area support, a mercury binding agent, and a promoter. The system can be used in various forms such as baghouse or panel filters, and the adsorbent component can be flexible or rigid. The invention provides a more effective and efficient method for capturing mercury and other pollutants in flue gases.

Problems solved by technology

[John H. Pavlish et. al., “Status Review of Mercury Control Options for Coal-Fired Power Plants”, Fuel Processing Technology, in press (2002), and references therein] Disadvantages of this approach include the need for large volumes of carbon to adsorb mercury to proposed regulatory levels due to the short contact time of the adsorbent carbon in contact with mercury vapor and the low capacity for mercury adsorption by PAC at temperatures above about 130° C. In addition, the requisite C / Hg injection ratios necessitate large volumes of injected carbon that can result in considerable contamination of the fly ash produced in coal-fired utility boilers.
Carbon contamination often reduces the commercial value of the ash as an additive for concrete.
Disadvantages associated with the use of such systems include expensive injection systems, limited collection efficiencies, particularly at high temperatures (i.e., above 130° C.
Initial testing with a Powder River Basin (PRB) ash determined that the presence of even trace amounts of activated carbon in the recovered ash rendered the material unacceptable for use in concrete (Bustard et al).
However, the adsorptive capacity reported in this work (52.5 micrograms Hg / gram activated carbon) is too low to allow this to be used as a bag filter or fixed bed in place of carbon injection.
Furthermore, a bag filter made from activated carbon fibers will trap fly ash particles within the depth of the fiber structure, causing a steep increase in pressure drop over time, and the cleanability of such bags is very limited.
However, none of these references discloses or suggests the removal of mercury from a flue gas stream or appropriate chemical composition for effective mercury removal.
Moreover, none of these references teaches the removal of particulate and mercury contaminants from a flue gas stream wherein the fly ash particulate is collected at a first location and the mercury is collected downstream of the particulate to minimize or prevent carbon contamination of the particulate fly ash.

Method used

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Examples

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example 1

[0052] A 4 inch by 6 inch section of VAF-90 activated carbon felt (ACF) was cut from a large sheet of material obtained from Shanghai No. 1 ACF Company Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) and weighed precisely. As received, the material had a nominal mass-per-unit-geometric-area of 260 gm−2 and a measured Frazier Number air permeability of about 60-65. The cut sample was placed on a platen heated to about 90° C., slightly dampened with 2-propanol, and impregnated using an aerosol sprayer under atmospheric conditions. The sample was treated on both sides until wet through but not dripping with an aqueous solution of 1.0 F potassium iodide and 0.27 F zinc acetate dihydrate. The wet sample was placed on a stainless steel screen in a solvent-vented muffle furnace held at 200° C. for about one hour, cooled and equilibrated for 2 hours, then weighed. The dried sample displayed an air permeability of about 52-60 Frazier. A small portion was sent to Galbraith Laboratories, Inc. in Knoxville, Tenn.,...

example 3

[0054] A sample was prepared similarly to the procedure of Example 1 except that no zinc and a slightly higher loading of potassium iodide were added. Composition and results of testing in the High Temperature Mercury Adsorption Capacity and Efficiency Test appear in Table 1.

example 4

[0055] A sample was prepared similarly to the procedure of Example 1 except that no potassium iodide was added and a higher zinc loading was achieved. This sample was tested in the high temperature mercury adsorption capacity and efficiency test. Results appear in Table 1.

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Abstract

The present invention is an improved filtration system, filtering method and unique chemical composition for capturing mercury and other pollutants in flue gases generated by process gas streams. The improved filtration system may take various forms depending on the type of filter system most desired for a particular application; however, the filter system includes at least a filter element or elements and an adsorbent component having a composition suitable for capturing mercury on the downstream side of the filter element.

Description

RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] The present application is a division of copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10 / 272,487 filed Oct. 16, 2002.FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0002] The present invention is an improved filter system and components thereof for both collecting particulates and adsorbing chemical pollutants from process gas streams. More particularly, the filter system of the present invention is highly effective for removing pollutants such as gaseous and solid elemental mercury and its compounds, as well as other chemical pollutants, and for collecting particulates under a range of process gas stream conditions. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0003] The removal of particulates from a gas stream has long been a practice in a variety of industrial fields. Conventional means for filtering particulates and the like from gas streams include, but are not limited to, filter bags, filter tubes, filter cartridges and filter panels. These filter elements are typically oriented into a filt...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): B01D53/64B01J20/04B01J20/20B01J20/22B01J20/28
CPCB01D53/64Y10T428/1366B01J20/0262B01J20/0285B01J20/0288B01J20/20B01J20/22B01J20/28033B01J20/2804B01J20/3236B01J20/3204B01J2220/42B01J20/046B01J20/0244B01J20/0259
Inventor DURANTE, VINCENTGAMBALE, DEANGEBERT, RICHARDPLINKE, MARCSTARK, STEVEBUCHER, RICHARD A.
Owner WL GORE & ASSOC INC
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