Systems For Efficient Heating And/Or Cooling And Having Low Climate Change Impact

a technology of efficient heating and/or cooling and low climate change impact, applied in the direction of domestic cooling apparatus, lighting and heating apparatus, transportation and packaging, etc., can solve the problem that the full value and performance of the system will not be fully understood

Active Publication Date: 2012-01-19
HONEYWELL INT INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0006]In one aspect, the present invention relates to a heat transfer system for containing item(s) or fluid(s) at a temperature either below or above ambient temperature including (a) a container or compartment for holding an item(s) or fluid(s) to be maintained in a cooled or heated condition relative to the ambient temperature; (b) thermal insulation disposed with respect to said container or compartment so as to inhibit the flow of heat into and / or out of the compartment, said insulation comprising a polymeric material having closed cells therein wherein said cells are formed from and / or contain a haloalkene according to Formula IA:

Problems solved by technology

Furthermore, applicants have come to appreciate that until a commercial refrigerator product has been manufactured under industrial conditions, and assessed for energy performance and ancillary performance in other aspects, for example, liner compatibility, adhesion to liner and metal cabinet and doors, freeze stability, and other quality aspects, the full value and performance of the system will not be fully understood.

Method used

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  • Systems For Efficient Heating And/Or Cooling And Having Low Climate Change Impact
  • Systems For Efficient Heating And/Or Cooling And Having Low Climate Change Impact
  • Systems For Efficient Heating And/Or Cooling And Having Low Climate Change Impact

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Low GWP Refrigerant Assessment: 1233zd

[0067]A scale trial, utilizing 1233zd blowing agent, in a commercially available polyurethane system, in a commercially available 710 liter (25 ft3) household refrigerator freezer was undertaken. These thirty two refrigerator cabinets, with associated door sets, were foamed to investigate:

[0068]Lambda (k-factor) performance in various locations of the refrigerator;

[0069]Liner compatibility: High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS);

[0070]Dimensional stability;

[0071]Freeze stability at target density;

[0072]Compressive strength;

[0073]Adhesion (plastic liner material and metal case);

[0074]Foam closed cell content;

[0075]DOE (Department of Energy) Energy Performance;

[0076]Energy consumption with 134a refrigerant working fluid; and

[0077]Energy consumption with 1234yf refrigerant working fluid.

[0078]The baseline comparison for these low climate change impact refrigerators is the same commercial household refrigerator / freezer product utilizing 245fa blowing agent ...

example 2

Low GWP Refrigerant Assessment: 1234yf

[0105]1234yf was the low GWP refrigerant gas chosen for this work due the very close proximity of boiling point and pressure-temperature curve—compared to 134a. This is shown on FIG. 3, wherein the pressure-temperature curve for 1234yf and 134a nearly coincide, whereas R-600a is a much lower pressure refrigerant gas.

[0106]Further to characterization of refrigerant working fluids suitability is thermal stability with compressor lubricants under extreme conditions of temperature and moisture (water) contamination. 1234yf and a typical appliance compressor oil—ISO 10 (Proeco 10S) were evaluated utilizing ASHRAE Standard 97 test method. Under extreme conditions of high moisture (1000 ppm); high temperatures (200° C.); and two week duration, visual examination of the sealed tubes (containing 1234yf / lubricant) exhibited no change in the appearance. Analysis of the oil yielded very low acidity values (TAN values ranging from 0.07 to 0.44); and, GC anal...

example 3

Flammability

[0114]1233ZD is a non-flammable liquid by ASTM E-681 test methods, and exhibits no flashpoint or vapor flame limits. In transportation, storage, and in factory use as a blowing agent, 1233ZD has no limitations on hazards classification.

[0115]1234yf is a flammable gas. However, the flammability characterization, and associated risk in use, of 1234yf is significantly different from highly flammable is hydrocarbon refrigerants, for example R-600a (isobutane). The significance centers in: the minimum ignition energy (very high for 1234yf / very low for R-600a); the heat of combustion (low for 1234yf / high for R-600a); and burning velocity, or flame speed (very slow for 1234yf / very high for R-600a). ASHRAE characterization of flammability: 134a=A1; R-600a=A3; while 1234yf=A2L (A2 category of flammability, however, very low in that category). The significant differences in flammability measures between 1234yf and R-600a are shown in Table 9.

TABLE 9Flammability Characterization: 1...

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Abstract

A heat transfer system and method for controlling heat transfer to and from a container having thermal insulation disposed with respect to said container or compartment so as to inhibit the flow of heat into and/or out of the compartment, said insulation comprising a polymeric material having closed cells therein wherein said cells are formed from and/or contain a haloalkene according to Formula IA:
    • where each R is independently Cl, F, H, or CF3, provided that the total number of carbon atoms is either 3 or 4,
    • R′ is (CR2)nY,
    • Y is CF3
    • and n is 0 or 1;
and a heat transfer system for adding and/or removing heat from the compartment or container by use of a heat transfer fluid comprising a haloalkene Formula IB:
    • where each R is independently Cl, F or H
    • R′ is (CR2)nY,
    • Y is CF3
    • and n is 0 or 1.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional patent application Ser. No. 61 / 368,249 filed Jul. 27, 2010, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.[0002]This application is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12 / 276,137, filed Nov. 21, 2008, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional patent application No. 60 / 989,977 filed Nov. 25, 2007, and also claims priority to PCT patent application number PCT / US07 / 64570 filed Mar. 21, 2007 which claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11 / 474,887 filed Jun. 26, 2006 and which claims priority to U.S. Provisional patent application Ser. No. 60 / 784,731 filed Mar. 21, 2006, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.[0003]This application is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12 / 426,948, filed Apr. 20, 2009, which claims the priority benefit of U.S. patent application S...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): B65D81/38F25D23/00
CPCC08J9/127C08J9/149C08J2203/06C08K5/02C08J2203/14C08J2203/142C08J2207/04C08J2203/12C09K5/044C09K2205/122F16L59/028
Inventor BOWMAN, JAMES M.WILLIAMS, DAVID J.YANA MOTTA, SAMUEL F.
Owner HONEYWELL INT INC
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