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Water solvated glass/amorphous solid ionic conductors

a technology of amorphous solids and ionic conductors, which is applied in the manufacture of final products, calcium/strontium/barium sulfates, silicates, etc., can solve the problems of less efficient process of chemical energy stored in a fuel, released as the heat of combustion is less efficient, etc., and achieves limited charge/discharge cycle life and avoid safety problems.

Inactive Publication Date: 2018-10-25
BOARD OF RGT THE UNIV OF TEXAS SYST +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

This patent is about a new type of glass that can conduct lithium and sodium ions quickly, like a flammable liquid. It has a high dielectric constant and can be plated and stripped of metals without forming dendrites, which can cause safety issues and limited charge / discharge cycle life. This glass can be referred to as a "Li-glass" or a "Na-glass".

Problems solved by technology

Chemical energy stored in a fuel that is released as the heat of combustion is a less efficient process, and combustion is also accompanied by the release of gases that pollute the air and contribute to global warming.

Method used

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  • Water solvated glass/amorphous solid ionic conductors
  • Water solvated glass/amorphous solid ionic conductors
  • Water solvated glass/amorphous solid ionic conductors

Examples

Experimental program
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first embodiment

[0057] A, the disclosure provides a method of forming a dried, water-solvated glass / amorphous solid. The method includes transforming a crystalline, sodium ion (Na+) or lithium-ion (Li+) electronic insulator or its constituent precursors comprising at least one Na+ or Li+ bonded to oxygen (O), hydroxide (OH), and / or to at least one halide into a water-solvated glass / amorphous Na+ or Li+ ion-conducting solid by adding water in an amount less than or equal to the water solvation limit of the glass / amorphous solid.

[0058]In further embodiments, which may be combined with embodiment A and with one another unless clearly mutually exclusive, i) the method further includes adding a glass-forming oxide, sulfide, or hydroxide and heating to expel volatile constituents; ii) the crystalline, electronic insulator or its constituent precursors include a material with the general formula A3-xHxOX, wherein 0≤x≤1, A is the at least one alkali metal, and X is the at least one halide; iii) the crystal...

second embodiment

[0059] B, the disclosure provides a method of forming an H+-conductive water-solvated electrolyte. The method includes transforming a crystalline material comprising at least one alkali and / or alkaline-earth cation bonded to at least one acidic polyanion into a glass / amorphous solid by adding water in an amount less than or equal to its solvation limit in the crystalline material such that water dissociates into hydroxide (OH)− anions that coordinate to the cations to form polyanions and the water also dissociates into protons (H+) that are mobile in a framework of an acidic oxide and the polyanions.

third embodiment

[0060] C, the disclosure provides a method of forming a water-solvated glass / amorphous solid. The method includes transforming a crystalline electronic insulator comprising at least one acidic polyanion and at least one cation into a water-solvated glass / amorphous proton (H+)-conducting solid by adding water in an amount less than or equal to the water solvation limit of the crystalline electronic insulator

[0061]In further embodiments, which may be combined with embodiments B or C, and with one another unless clearly mutually exclusive: i) wherein the acidic polyanion includes (SO4)2− and / or (PO4)3− and / or (SiO4)4− polyanion; ii) the at least one cation is stabilized in the form of at least one stable hydroxide polyanion; iii) the at least one cation includes a barium (Ba2+) ion, a potassium (K+) ion, a rubidium (Rb+) ion, and / or a cesium (Cs+) ion; iv) the stable hydroxide polyanion includes (Ba(OH)x)2-x, (K(OH)x)1-x, (Rb(OH)x)1-x and / or (Cs(OH)x)1-x.

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Abstract

The disclosure provides a water-solvated glass / amorphous solid that is an ionic conductor-an electronic insulator, and a dielectric as well as electrochemical devices and processes that use this material, such as batteries, including rechargeable batteries, fuel cells, capacitors, electrolysis cells, and electronic devices. The electrochemical devices and products use a combination of ionic and electronic conduction as well as internal electric dipoles.

Description

PRIORITY CLAIM[0001]The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62 / 181,606 filed Jun. 18, 2015 and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62 / 189,865 filed Jul. 8, 2015, the contents of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirely.TECHNICAL FIELD[0002]The disclosure provides a dried, water-solvated glass / amorphous solid that is an alkali-ion conductor and an electronic insulator with a large dielectric constant. The disclosure also provides electrochemical devices and processes that use this material, such as batteries, including rechargeable batteries, fuel cells, capacitors, electrolytic generation of chemical products, including hydrogen gas (H2), from water, and electronic devices. The electrochemical devices and products use a combination of ionic and electronic conduction. The disclosure also provides a water-solvated glass / amorphous solid that is a proton (IT) conductor and an electronic in...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C01B33/32H01G11/84H01M10/0562H01M8/124H01G11/56C03C4/18C03C1/00H01M10/36H01M8/1016C01B11/00C01B25/30C01B25/32C01B33/24C01F11/46C01D5/02H01G11/62
CPCY02P70/56H01G11/84H01M2300/0071H01M10/0562H01M8/124H01G11/56C03C4/18C03C1/006C01B33/32H01M10/36H01M8/1016C01B11/00C01B25/306C01B25/322C01B33/24C01F11/462C01D5/02Y02E60/13Y02T10/7022H01G11/62H01M2300/008Y02P70/50Y02T10/70Y02E60/50Y02E60/10C25B13/04Y02P40/57
Inventor GOODENOUGH, JOHN B.DE OLIVEIRA BRAGA, MARIA HELENA SOUSA SOARESDO AMARAL FERREIRA, JOSE JORGESINGH, PREETAM
Owner BOARD OF RGT THE UNIV OF TEXAS SYST