81 results about "Peer-to-Peer Protocol" patented technology

The invention describes an identity management system (IDMS) based on the concept of peer-to-peer protocols and the public identities ledger. The system manages digital identities, which are digital objects that contain attributes used for the identification of persons and other entities in an IT system and for making identity claims. The identity objects are encoded and cryptographically encapsulated. Identity management protocols include the creation of identities, the validation of their binding to real-world entities, and their secure and reliable storage, protection, distribution, verification, updates, and use. The identities are included in a specially constructed global, distributed, append-only public identities ledger. They are forward- and backward-linked using the mechanism of digital signatures. The linking of objects and their chaining in the ledger is based on and reflect their mutual validation relationships. The identities of individual members are organized in the form of linked structures called the personal identities chains. Identities of groups of users that validated identities of other users in a group are organized in community identities chains. The ledger and its chains support accurate and reliable validation of identities by other members of the system and by application services providers without the assistance of third parties. The ledger designed in this invention may be either permissioned or unpermissioned. Permissioned ledgers have special entities, called BIX Security Policy Providers, which validate the binding of digital identities to real-world entities based on the rules of a given security policy. In unpermissioned ledgers, community members mutually validate their identities. The identity management system provides security, privacy, and anonymity for digital identities and satisfies the requirements for decentralized, anonymous identities management systems.

This disclosure describes systems and methods related to facilitating payments via a peer-to-peer protocol. Tokenized information associated with a payment transaction may be obtained. Establishment of a peer-to-peer communications session with a payment recipient device may be facilitated. The tokenized information to the recipient device via the established peer-to-peer communications session may be communicated in order to facilitate completion of the payment transaction.

A system and method for providing advertisements in a peer-to-peer networking environment is described. In one embodiment, the peer-to-peer protocols may use advertisements to describe and publish the existence of peer resources. An advertisement may be defined as a structured, language neutral metadata structure that names, describes, and publishes the existence of a peer-to-peer platform resource, such as a peer, a peer group, a pipe, or a service. In one embodiment, user-defined advertisement subtypes (for example, using XML schemas) may be formed from these basic types. A peer in a peer-to-peer network may publish a resource advertisement to make the resource corresponding to the advertisement available to other peers on the network. Peers may discover published advertisements by broadcasting discovery query messages. Other peers may respond to discovery query messages by sending response messages that may include advertisements.

System and method for facilitating communications between peers in a peer-to-peer environment and network email clients. In one embodiment, network nodes including peer nodes may host mail transfer agents. The mail transfer agents may act as bridges between peer-to-peer protocols and email communication protocols. The mail transfer agents may communicate with peers according to peer-to-peer protocols and with email clients according to email communications protocols. Peers may communicate with mail transfer agents to send peer-to-peer messages to email clients. Email clients may communicate with the mail transfer agents to send email messages to and receive email messages from other email clients via the peer-to-peer network and to obtain peer-to-peer messages from peers.

A computer-implemented method and system is disclosed in which a network-based interaction environment includes a plurality of peer-to-peer nodes being able to communicate directly with each other using a peer-to-peer protocol and a peer-to-peer client application, the plurality of peer-to-peer nodes including a first peer-to-peer client and a second peer-to-peer client, a first peer-to-peer client application running on the first peer-to-peer client to maintain persistent buddy information on the first peer-to-peer client, the persistent buddy information including a buddy list identifying trusted peer-to-peer nodes of the plurality of peer-to-peer nodes, and a second peer-to-peer client application running on the second peer-to-peer client to maintain persistent reputation information on the second peer-to-peer client, the persistent reputation information including information related to the reputation of the first peer-to-peer client in the network-based interaction environment.

A method of sharing applications using a peer-to-peer protocol includes registering, by a first peer, applications to be shared; determining whether the registered application files meet a search condition included in an application search instruction that is received from a second peer, and transmitting a description file to the second peer in response to the determination results; making a connection to the second peer through a predetermined protocol to perform a service pertaining to an application meeting the search condition; and executing a session for providing a remote display service pertaining to the application for the second peer, such that client peers can share idle resources in server peers, and can use applications that cannot be executed with their current resources or in their current environments.

A wireless device that automatically forms a connection to a remote device in accordance with a peer-to-peer protocol. The remote device may be designated as an auto-connect device for the wireless device such that, when the wireless device determines that it is in the vicinity of the auto-connect device, it can re-form a connection to the remote device based on stored information for re-establishing connections among a persistent group of devices, but without any express user input. When a user requests that the wireless device perform a function that involves interaction with an auto-connect device, that function may be performed with the delay associated with forming a connection. Any of multiple techniques may be employed for identifying devices designated as auto-connect devices and for determining when the wireless device and a remote, auto-connect devices are in close proximity.

A system for facilitating communication between an initiator and a target is provided. The initiator transmits a signal to the target including an indication of the communication capability of the initiator. For example, the indication may specify that the initiator is a peer-to-peer capable device. In this way, if the target is configured to communicate according to multiple techniques, such as peer-to-peer protocols and proximity card techniques, the target may be able to determine the appropriate communication method to use. Furthermore, the target may be able to change from a smart card emulation to a peer-to-peer configuration based on the indication received. Corresponding methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are also provided.

A computer-implemented method and system is disclosed in which a network-based interaction environment includes a plurality of peer-to-peer nodes being able to communicate directly with each other using a peer-to-peer protocol and a peer-to-peer client application, the plurality of peer-to-peer nodes including a first peer-to-peer client, a second peer-to-peer client, and a third peer-to-peer client, a first peer-to-peer client application running on the first peer-to-peer client to process persistent item information on the first peer-to-peer client, the persistent item information being related to an item being offered by a first user of the first peer-to-peer client application, a second peer-to-peer client application running on the second peer-to-peer client to cache the persistent item information on the second peer-to-peer client; and a third peer-to-peer client application running on the third peer-to-peer client to search a cache of the second peer-to-peer client for the persistent item information related to the item being offered by the first user.

A peer-to-peer protocol is based on the use of global timestamps and client priorities in serializing modifications to a shared workspace of real-time collaboration. The method caters to dynamic clients wherein a client can leave or join an ongoing collaboration session as long as there is always at least one client present/remaining in the collaboration session. The method can support multiple definitions of a modification, including partitioning-based definitions, wherein the method provides full support for locking of partitions, and a full treatment of inter-partition synchronisation via a modification definition over multiple partitions. The method is capable of utilizing the many standard methods of creating a global, distributed, synchronized clock for the global timestamps utilized by it. The method is rollback-based for correcting tentative but incorrect serializations, and provides additional backup in terms of checkpoints for additional safety and for the support of lightweight, pervasive clients. The method includes many optimizations for efficiency, and includes a method of switching to and back from distributed server-based serialization for the periods when the network response is better suited to a distributed server than the peer-to-peer protocol.

A Peer-to-Peer protocol such as BitTorrent is used to assist streaming. Peers download streaming content from the P2P network while simultaneously playing the downloaded content. As the stream plays, an end system downloads any missing pieces directly from a server or other infrastructure node. This method roughly squares server capacity and can be refined to require on average 0(1) servers regardless of the number of concurrent users. Thus BitTorrent assisted streaming scales better than traditional server-client and other infrastructure-only solutions, each of which requires a number of infrastructure nodes that scale linearly as a function of the number of users. Unlike End-System-Multicast, BitTorrent assisted streaming does not subject users to the vagaries of intermediate unreliable, potentially bandwidth-constrained end-systems; the departure of any single end-system has minimal impact on overall performance; and BitTorrent has a well-crafted incentive mechanism for encouraging users to contribute their upstream capacity.

A wireless device that automatically forms a connection to a remote device in accordance with a peer-to-peer protocol. The remote device may be designated as an auto-connect device for the wireless device such that, when the wireless device determines that it is in the vicinity of the auto-connect device, it can re-form a connection to the remote device based on stored information for re-establishing connections among a persistent group of devices, but without any express user input. When a user requests that the wireless device perform a function that involves interaction with an auto-connect device, that function may be performed with the delay associated with forming a connection. Any of multiple techniques may be employed for identifying devices designated as auto-connect devices and for determining when the wireless device and a remote, auto-connect devices are in close proximity.

A peer-to-peer connection protocol for establishing and managing peer-to-peer connections between endpoints coupled via a serial-based interconnect fabric. A requesting endpoint generates and sends a query to a fabric manager requesting connection information for at least one target endpoint having attributes matching attributes specified in the query. The fabric manager returns a query reply containing connection information to connect the requesting endpoint to a target endpoint or multiple target endpoints having matching attributes. In the case of multiple target endpoints, one target endpoint is selected for the connection. The requesting and target endpoints then negotiate and establish the connection by passing connection information and parameters between themselves directly. Upon establishing the connection, the fabric manager is apprised of the new connection and updates its connection list. The method is facilitated by software components running on various devices coupled to the serial-based interconnect fabric. Such devices include server blades and ATCA boards. In one embodiment, the serial-based interconnect fabric comprises an Advanced Switching (AS) fabric.

A peer-to-peer communication optimizer uses both peer locality and content diversity in a peer group to reduce network usage cost associated with using remote peers in a peer-to-peer system while reducing impact on the download time relative to peer-to-peer protocols operating with locality optimization alone or no localization of peers. The optimizer intercepts control messages in the peer-to-peer system and substitutes peer lists that meet both diversity indicator and network usage cost thresholds. Transparent embodiments operate without requirement to change peer or tracker implementations. Such embodiments include control message redirection, interception, and modification transparent to the client and tracker applications. Other embodiments include proxy designation. Still other embodiments include the use of gateway peers selected as function of diversity of content and network topology. Still other embodiments involve modification to one or more of client and/or tracker software and potentially the use of a standard interface for network topology determination.

A computer-implemented method and system is disclosed in which a network-based interaction environment includes a plurality of peer-to-peer nodes being able to communicate directly with each other using a peer-to-peer protocol and a peer-to-peer client application, and a first peer-to-peer client application to maintain persistent item information on at least one peer-to-peer node of the plurality of peer-to-peer nodes, the persistent information being related to an item being offered by a first user of the first peer-to-peer client application.

A method for controlling a computer entity to participate in a peer to peer network of a plurality of computer entities comprises, for each computer entity, operating a peer to peer protocol for enabling the computer entity to utilise resources of at least one other computer entity of the network, and for enabling at least one other computer entity of the network to utilise resources of the computer entity. Whenever the resources of a computer entity are not being used by a service application at a higher level layer than the peer to peer protocol, that computer entity is arranged to operate a process for managing at least one other computer entity in the network.