An object of the present invention is to provide a lithographic printing plate precursor from which a lithographic printing plate with excellent oil-based cleaner printing durability is obtained, a method of producing a lithographic printing plate, a printing method, and a method of producing an aluminum support. The lithographic printing plate precursor of the present invention is a lithographic printing plate precursor including an aluminum support, and an
image recording layer disposed on the aluminum support, in which the aluminum support includes an aluminum plate and an anodized aluminum film disposed on the aluminum plate, the
image recording layer is disposed on the aluminum support on a side of the anodized film, and an
area ratio of projections with a height of 0.80 µm or greater from an
average level, which is obtained by measuring a surface of the aluminum support on a side of the
image recording layer in an area of 400 µm × 400 µm using a non-contact three-dimensional roughness meter, is 20% or less.