Advanced erosion resistant carbonitride cermets
A cermet and metal technology, which is applied in the field of cermet composites containing metal carbonitrides, can solve the problems of refractory lining service life, lining excessive mechanical wear, etc.
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Embodiment 1
[0049] Disperse 70% by volume of TiC with an average diameter of 1.3 μm with ethanol in a HDPE grinding jar 0.7 N 0.3 Powder (from Japan New Metals Company) and 30% by volume of 304 stainless steel (SS) powder (Osprey Metals, Fe (balance): 18.5Cr: 9.6Ni: 1.4Mn: 0.63Si with an average diameter of 6.7 microns, 95.9% in- Sieve out below 16 microns). The powder was mixed in ethanol in a ball mill with yttria reinforced zirconia (YTZ) balls (10 mm diameter, from Tosoh Ceramics) at 100 rpm for 24 hours. Ethanol was removed from the mixed powders by heating in a vacuum oven at 130 °C for 24 hours. The dried powder was compacted at 5,000 psi in a 40 mm diameter die in a uniaxial hydraulic press (SPEX 3630 AutomatedX-press). The prepared disk green body was heated up to 400° C. at a rate of 25° C. / min in argon, and kept at 400° C. for 30 minutes to remove residual solvent. The disc was then heated to 1500°C at a rate of 15°C / min in argon and held at 1500°C for 2 hours. The tempera...
Embodiment 2
[0056] Use 75% by volume of TiC with an average diameter of 1.3 microns 0.3 N 0.7 Powder (from Japan NewMetals Company) and 25% by volume of 6.7 micron average diameter 566 alloy powder (Osprey Metals, Fe (balance): 20.5Cr: 20.3Ni: 17.3Co: 2.9Mo: 2.5W: 0.92Mn: 0.45Si: 0.47Ta, 96.2% sieved below -16 microns), as implemented Cermet discs were processed as described in Example 1. The cermet disk was then heated to 1500°C at a rate of 15°C / min in argon and held at 1500°C for 2 hours. The temperature was then reduced to below 100°C at a rate of -15°C / min.
[0057] The resulting cermet contains:
[0058] i) 74% by volume of TiC having an average particle size of about 2 microns 0.3 N 0.7
[0059] ii) 2% by volume of a second carbonitride M having an average particle size of about 0.5 micron 2 (C, N), where M=65Cr: 9Mo: 12Ti: 10Fe: 3Co: 1Ni (weight %)
[0060] iii) 1% by volume of a second carbonitride M having an average particle size of about 0.5 microns 2 (C, N), where M ...
Embodiment 3
[0064] An oxidation test was carried out on each of the cermets of Examples 1 and 2. The procedure used is as follows:
[0065] 1) A cermet sample approximately 10 square millimeters in size and approximately 1 mm thick was polished to a 600 grit diamond finish and cleaned in acetone.
[0066] 2) The sample was then exposed to 100 cm3 / min of air at 800°C in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA).
[0067] 3) Step (2) was carried out at 800° C. for 65 hours.
[0068] 4) After 65 hours, allow the sample to cool to ambient temperature.
[0069] 5) Determination of the thickness of the oxide layer by cross-sectional microscopy of the etched surface.
[0070] 6) Any value below 150 microns represents acceptable corrosion resistance.
[0071] Comparing the thicknesses of oxide layers formed on the surfaces of TiC, Ti(C,N) and TiN cermets, it can be seen that Ti(C,N) cermets have better oxidation resistance than TiC or TiN cermets. For Ti(C,N) cermets, regardless of the lower binder...
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