Process for preparing orienting-reinforced aluminum -based composite material

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of directional reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. In this method, aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder or aluminum alloy component powder, short fiber ceramic phase, and polyvinyl alcohol solution are evenly mixed to obtain a composite material powder slurry; then the composite material powder slurry is put into a directional extrusion mold Perform directional extrusion to prepare aluminum-matrix composite material green filaments with short-fibrous ceramic phase orientation reinforcement; after the filaments are dried and dried, stack the filaments along the length direction and press-form the aluminum-matrix composite material green body ; Finally, sintering the green body of the aluminum matrix composite material in a hydrogen or argon protective atmosphere furnace or a vacuum furnace to obtain a short fiber-shaped ceramic phase-oriented reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. The content range of the ceramic phase of the material is wide, the interface reaction with the aluminum alloy matrix is ​​small, and the degree of directional distribution is high, which is conducive to giving full play to the longitudinal performance advantages of the short fiber-shaped ceramic phase; in addition, the directional distribution process does not cause damage to the surface of the ceramic phase; preparation The device is simple and the operation is convenient.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of metal-matrix composite material preparation, in particular to a preparation method of directional reinforced aluminum-matrix composite material. Background technique [0002] As early as the 1980s, people have realized that the distribution of reinforcements such as whiskers or short fibers in the matrix of metal matrix composites, if the three-dimensional random state becomes a unidirectional arrangement, the reinforcement of whiskers or short fibers The effect will be greatly improved. At present, although the secondary processing of aluminum matrix composites (such as rolling, extrusion, etc.) can achieve the orientation and orderly arrangement of whiskers or short fibers in the vertical direction of force, this method whiskers or short fibers The degree of orientation is not high, and it is easy to cause damage to whiskers or short fibers. Based on this point, people began to try the method of directional dis...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, this method is limited by the characteristics of the metal matrix composite material prepared by the liquid pressure infiltration method. During the squeeze casting process, the prefabricated block is prone to deformation, the surface roughness is large after casting infiltration, the microstructure is uneven, and the grain size is large and dense. Disadvantages such as serious interface reaction