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Method for preparing biological diesel oil by using solid acid base double-function catalyst

An acid-base dual function, biodiesel technology, applied in chemical instruments and methods, physical/chemical process catalysts, biofuels, etc., can solve the problems of complex post-treatment process, difficult separation of methanol and by-product glycerol, and high equipment requirements

Inactive Publication Date: 2008-02-20
HUAZHONG AGRI UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The reaction temperature is generally the boiling point of methanol, the reaction speed is fast, and the conversion rate is high, but there are also obvious shortcomings. The product needs to neutralize a large amount of industrial wastewater brought by washing, causing environmental pollution, and the post-treatment is very complicated.
Biodiesel is prepared in the presence of a liquid acid catalyst. Although the liquid acid catalyst has no special requirements on the moisture content of the raw oil and the content of free fatty acids, the liquid acid is corrosive and requires high equipment. The product glycerin is difficult to separate, and the post-treatment process is complicated, which increases the production cost
In addition, using liquid acid or liquid alkali as a catalyst will discharge a large amount of sewage in the post-treatment process, causing environmental pollution
[0003] At present, there are more and more studies on the conversion of biodiesel with solid catalysts. The method for preparing biodiesel with a common solid acid (such as patent application number: 200410038292.4) or solid base (such as patent application number: 200510037862.2) catalyst can simplify the preparation process, Avoid environmental pollution, but the solid base is easily limited by the moisture and acid value of the raw material, while the reaction temperature of the solid acid is high, and the repeated use performance of the solid acid or solid base catalyst is a problem that needs to be considered

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0017] In a 500ml three-necked bottle, add 100.00g of rapeseed crude oil and the required amount of methanol according to the ratio of alcohol to oil molar ratio of 40:1, and when the temperature reaches 65°C under mechanical stirring, add 20% of rapeseed crude oil Al 2 o 3 -K 2 CO 3 Catalyst 20.0g, react for 10 hours at 60-65°C under normal pressure, then filter to separate the solid catalyst Al 2 o 3 -K 2 CO 3 , the liquid phase is distilled to recover methanol, and then the liquid phase is transferred to a separatory funnel and left to stand. The upper layer is crude biodiesel, and the lower layer is the by-product glycerin. The composition of crude biodiesel was analyzed by gas phase, and the content of fatty acid methyl ester was 98.1%.

Embodiment 2

[0019] In a 500ml three-necked bottle, add 100.00g of animal and vegetable oils and fats, gutter oils, catering waste oils, waste oils, oily crops, oily plants, microbial fermented oils, microalgae oils, and oils at a molar ratio of alcohol to oil of 3:1. Deodorized distillate, oil bottoms, acidified oil, any one or a mixture of several of them and the required amount of methanol, add 5% of the mass of the raw oil Al under mechanical stirring 2 o 3 -K 2 CO 3 Add 5.0 g of catalyst, add 30 mL of tetrahydrofuran, and react for 0.5 hour at a pressure of 25 MPa and a reaction temperature of 300° C. After the reaction is finished, filter while hot to separate the solid catalyst Al 2 o 3 -K 2 CO 3 , the liquid phase is distilled to recover methanol, the liquid phase is transferred to a separatory funnel, and left to stand, the upper layer is crude biodiesel, and the lower layer is the by-product glycerin. The composition of the mixture is analyzed by gas phase, and the content...

Embodiment 3

[0021]In a 500ml three-necked bottle, add 100.00g of rapeseed crude oil and the required amount of methanol according to the ratio of alcohol to oil molar ratio of 15:1, and when the temperature reaches 65°C under mechanical stirring, add 0.1% of the raw material oil The bifunctional catalyst is 0.1 g, and the reaction temperature is 60-65° C., and the reaction time is 4 hours under normal pressure. After the reaction is completed, filter while it is hot to separate the solid catalyst, re-distill the liquid phase to recover methanol, transfer the liquid phase to a separatory funnel, and let it stand still. The upper layer is crude biodiesel, and the lower layer is the by-product glycerin. Composition of the mixture through gas phase analysis, the content of fatty acid methyl ester in crude biodiesel is more than 90.0% (wherein using bifunctional catalyst Al 2 o 3 -SiO 2 -KCl, the content of fatty acid methyl ester is 92.1%).

[0022] The above bifunctional catalyst is Cs-Ba...

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PUM

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Abstract

The invention discloses a bio-diesel oil preparation method made by solid acid and base bifunctional catalyst. The molar ratio of low carbon alcohol and raw material oil is 3:1-40:1; then the raw reaction material is prepared according to that the solid and base bifunctional catalyst is of 0.1-20 percent of raw material oil, and the reaction material is then sent into a reaction device with 25 MPa of pressure and 300 DEG C to be stirred and fully reacted; thereafter, the low carbon alcohol is distilled and the solid acid and base bifunctional catalyst is separated out. Finally, the bio-diesel oil and glycerin are made. The solid acid and base bifunctional catalyst has high activity, is easy to be separated and recycled, can be reused, has convenient operation, easy control, low cost, simple sequential treatment to obtained production, high transformation rate, good industrialization application prospect and is environment-friendly.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing biodiesel with a solid acid-base bifunctional catalyst, which belongs to the technical field of bioenergy and catalytic technology for preparing biodiesel. Background technique [0002] Biodiesel is a green and renewable energy that can be used as a high-quality substitute for petrochemical diesel. It uses vegetable oil, animal oil, and waste cooking oil as raw materials to carry out transesterification reaction with alcohols under certain conditions, the product is biodiesel, and the by-product is glycerin. The traditional transesterification reaction uses a homogeneous catalyst, such as NaOH, KOH, sodium methoxide or concentrated sulfuric acid. If liquid alkali is used as a catalyst, the raw material oil and methanol must be strictly dehydrated, otherwise it is easy to form emulsions, and the free fatty acids in the raw oil Very damaging to alkaline activity. The reaction temperature is generally the ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C10G3/00B01J23/00
CPCY02E50/13C10G2300/1011C11C3/003Y02E50/10Y02P30/20
Inventor 王承明翟龙霞吴谋成高洁芬
Owner HUAZHONG AGRI UNIV
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