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Sensitizing type expanded ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and preparation method thereof

A technology of expanded ammonium and expanded ammonium nitrate, which is applied to explosives processing equipment, explosives, offensive equipment, etc. It can solve the problems of difficult detonation speed to meet large-scale production, strong moisture absorption and agglomeration, and low explosive ability, and achieve good detonation sensitivity , high explosive energy, and large specific surface area

Inactive Publication Date: 2009-12-02
NANJING UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] However, whether it is crystalline, granular ammonium nitrate or porous granular ammonium nitrate, the ammonium oil explosives prepared with them are a kind of insensitive explosives, which have the disadvantages of relatively large critical diameter (generally > 50mm) and low detonation sensitivity. , requires a high external detonation energy to detonate reliably, a single detonator cannot make it explode, and an intermediate charge must be used for detonation; and the explosion capacity is low, and the detonation speed is difficult to meet the needs of mass production
In addition, there are also problems of easy oil leakage and segregation, resulting in common shortcomings such as poor storage performance and strong moisture absorption and caking.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0020] Heat the mixture of 1kg of ammonium nitrate and 100g of water at 130-135°C, then carry out vacuum crystallization under the vacuum degree of -0.092MPa--0.095MPa, and the crystallization time is 12min-15min to obtain expanded ammonium nitrate.

[0021] The ball mill and wood pellets are dried in an oven at 65-75°C and kept warm to prevent moisture from being brought into the mixture, resulting in a decrease in product performance.

[0022] According to the zero-oxygen balance design formula, mix 663g of expanded ammonium nitrate just extruded (the temperature can reach 90°C, which can promote the uniform mixing of liquid combustibles and ammonium nitrate) and 337g of nitromethane in a ball mill for 15-20 minutes before discharging And after cooling to 40 ℃ ~ 45 ℃, charge and explosive performance test.

[0023] The detonation velocity of the product can reach 3300~3500m·s -1 , Sacrifice explosion distance is 5 ~ 6cm.

Embodiment 2

[0025] The preparation of expanded ammonium nitrate is with embodiment 1.

[0026] According to the positive oxygen balance design formula, mix 800g of expanded ammonium nitrate and 200g of nitromethane in a ball mill for 15min to 20min, discharge and cool to 40°C to 45°C, then conduct charge and explosive performance tests.

[0027] The detonation velocity of the product can reach 3300~3400m·s -1 , Sacrifice explosion distance is 4 ~ 5cm.

Embodiment 3

[0029] The preparation of expanded ammonium nitrate is with embodiment 1.

[0030] According to the positive oxygen balance design formula, mix 760g of expanded ammonium nitrate and 240g of nitromethane in a ball mill for 15min to 20min, discharge and cool to 40°C to 45°C, then conduct charge and explosive performance tests.

[0031] The detonation velocity of the product can reach 3300~3400m·s -1 , Sacrifice explosion distance is 4 ~ 5cm.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a sensitizing type expanded ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and a preparation method thereof. The explosive is prepared by blending expanded ammonium nitrate and nitromethane, and the mass percentages are 66.3%-80% and 20%-33.7%; or the explosive is prepared by blending expanded ammonium nitrate, nitromethane and composite oil phase, and the mass percentages of expanded ammonium nitrate, nitromethane and composite oil phase are 84%-95%:1%-11%:4%-5%; or the explosive is prepared by blending expanded ammonium nitrate, nitromethane, composite oil phase and aluminium powder, wherein the composite oil phase is prepared by melting diesel oil and paraffin, and the mass ratio of diesel oil and paraffin is 6:4, and the mass percentages of expanded ammonium nitrate, nitromethane, composite oil phase and aluminium powder are 91%-94.5%:1%-3%:4-5%:0.5-1%. The invention adopts self-sensitizing expanded ammonium nitrate with multiple micropores, large specific surface area and high oil adsorption ratio as an oxidant, and nitromethane or aluminium powder as a combustible agent to prepare the expanded ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive which has good detonation sensitivity and is capable of being reliably detonated by a single detonator.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to ammonium oil explosive and its preparation technology, in particular to a sensitized expanded ammonium oil explosive and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Ammonium Oil Explosives (ANFO) is a class of industrial explosives widely used at home and abroad. It is usually an insensitive explosive produced by mechanically mixing ammonium nitrate and fuel oil such as diesel oil and engine oil. [0003] The commonly used ammonium oil explosive formula is ammonium nitrate 94%, diesel oil 6%, ammonium nitrate is the oxidant, and diesel oil is the combustible agent. This kind of explosive is relatively insensitive and has low explosive power. It needs to be detonated reliably with the help of booster powder when used. . [0004] There are several types of ammonium nitrate used in ammonium oil explosives, such as crystalline, granular and porous granular, but ammonium oil explosives prepared from crystalline and ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C06B31/32C06B21/00
Inventor 周新利吕春绪刘祖亮
Owner NANJING UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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