Ceramic particle reinforced aluminum-based gradient composite material and preparation method thereof and jetting precipitation device for preparing material

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of aluminum-based composite material and preparation technology thereof and in particular discloses a ceramic particle reinforced aluminum-based gradient composite material, a preparation method thereof and a device used by the method. The composite material uses aluminum alloy as a matrix; the volume fractions of ceramic particles serving as a reinforcement material in the surface layer and the bottom layer are between 30 and 40 percent and between 0 and 5 percent respectively; the ceramic particles perform continuous gradient variation from the surface layer to the bottom layer; and the preparation method comprises the following steps: introducing the ceramic reinforced particles to a high-pressure airflow channel by a discharge amount regulation device to form a solid phase flow and a gas phase flow; atomizing molten aluminum alloy liquid, mixing the molten aluminum alloy liquid and the ceramic particles of the solid phase flow and the gas phase flow, and precipitating the mixture on a deposition matrix to prepare a deposition billet; and controlling the discharge amount regulation device and output air pressure through a programmable logic controller according to the height information of the deposition billet to obtain the ceramic particle reinforced aluminum-based gradient composite material. The preparation method of the invention has convenient operation and high automation degree; and the prepared composite material has the advantages of light weight, high wear resistance and anticorrosion of the surface and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an aluminum-based composite material, a preparation method thereof, and a preparation device, in particular to a ceramic particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material, a preparation method and a preparation device. Background technique [0002] Ceramic particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites have a series of advantages such as low density, high specific strength, high specific stiffness, high elastic modulus, excellent wear resistance, and controllable expansion coefficient. Important application value and broad application prospects, such as using aluminum-based composite brake discs to replace the currently commonly used cast iron discs, used in high-speed trains, automobiles, engineering vehicles, hoisting equipment, etc. Body quality, improving the performance and safety of vehicles and equipment has become a major development direction in this technical field. [0003] For components such as brake discs tha...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The existing spray deposition technology adopts the mixing and co-deposition of reinforcing particles and atomized metal droplets to form composite material blanks, which solves some shortcomings of casting and powder metallurgy processes to a certain extent, but the focus of research is still to improve the ceramic particles. Dispersion uniformity in the alloy matrix, but this "homogeneous" composite material has the above-mentioned limitations in practical applications. For example, the lightweight brake parts made of ceramic particle-reinforced aluminum matrix Excellent performance, but the overall plasticity of the material is low, the toughness is not high, and the fatigue resistance is insufficient in the application process

In addition, due to the unsatisfactory heat resistance of the conventional aluminum alloy matrix, it is difficult for ordinary aluminum matrix composite brake discs to meet the needs of modern high-speed and heavy-duty brake components.

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