Method for synthesizing bar-shaped ZnSe fluorescence nanocrystalline

Abstract

The invention belongs to a method for synthesizing nanometer materials, in particular to a method for synthesizing bar-shaped ZnSe fluorescence nanocrystalline. The method comprises the following steps: with the protection of inert gas, heating and stirring a simple substance Se or dissolving the simple substance Se in trioctylphosphine phosphine in an ultraphonic manner to obtain Se precursor; dissolving zinc source body in octadecylene and adding activating agent long-chain alkylamine with the protection of inert gas and carrying out activation on the mixture; introducing the long-chain alkyl sulfhydryl to carry out 'template' processing on activated Zn precursor; then with the protection of inert gas, raising temperature to reaction temperature (300-350 DEG C); fast adding Se precursor into the Zn precursor and carrying out reaction for a certain period of time, then obtaining original solution crude product of ZnSe nanocrystalline; adding mixed solvent composed of high-polarity organic solvent and low-polarity organic solvent and washing and centrifuging the mixture; finally using the low-polarity organic solvent to obtain the final product ZnSe nano rod transparent solution. The method has the advantages of simple reaction system, easily available raw materials, small environmental pollution, good degree of crystallization and high fluorescence quantum yield.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for synthesizing nanometer materials. In an organic phase reaction environment, a surfactant is used as a template, and Zn precursor is "templated" to realize the synthesis of rod-shaped ZnSe fluorescent nanocrystals. Background technique [0002] Semiconductor nanomaterials have different physical, chemical and optical properties than bulk materials. Because of its unique photoelectric properties, it has broad application prospects in the fields of biological probes, fuel cells, and nonlinear optics. Studies have shown that the optoelectronic properties of semiconductor nanocrystals are not only related to their composition and size, but also vary with their morphology. For example, one-dimensional nanorods are different from nanopowders. Electronics and optical excitons can only be effectively transported along the axial direction in nanorods, which not only have special properties such as small size effect, surface...

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Problems solved by technology

(2) Chinese patent 200610024520.1 uses aqueous medium to synthesize ZnSe / ZnS core-shell quantum dots, which requires a long photodegradation time in the process of preparing quantum dots

The selected reaction temperature range for the synthesis of zinc selenide is 270-300°C. Since the reaction temperature is not high enough, the resulting nanocrystals have surface defects and the crystals are not dense.

[0005] In a word, the deficiencies in the current synthesis process of ZnSe nanocrystals are: 1. No matter whether the current synthesis method is in the aqueous phase or in the organic phase, there is no report to prepare rod-shaped ZnSe semiconductor nanocrystals.

However, the introduction of long-chain alkanes (such as tetradecane) makes the washing of nanocrystals very difficult.

4. The needle-shaped ZnSe semiconductor nanocrystals prepared in Chinese patent 200810233748.0 do not have luminescent properties

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