Improved plasma ignition nozzle of coal dust gasifier and mode

Abstract

The invention relates to an improved plasma ignition nozzle of a coal dust gasifier. The improved plasma ignition nozzle is connected with a plasma generator and comprises an external sleeve, and a primary combustion chamber of a central cylinder and a secondary combustion chamber of an internal sleeve which are arranged sequentially from the center of the external sleeve to outside, wherein concentrated coal dust and air are introduced into the primary combustion chamber of the central cylinder, plasma arc and the coal dust undergo a strong electrochemical reaction in the primary combustion chamber of the central cylinder, the coal dust is subjected to splitting decomposition to generate a large number of volatile components, and the volatile components are ignited to generate primary flame; the volatile components and the coal dust are continuously combusted in the secondary combustion chamber of the internal sleeve, and the subsequently introduced coal dust is ignited to realize fractional combustion to generate secondary flame; and the secondary combustion chamber is cooled by using high-speed oxygen in the external sleeve, supporting combustion is performed at the same time, and oxygen, which is required by the combustion of unburned fixed carbon ejected from the secondary combustion chamber in a hearth, is supplemented to generate tertiary flame. The improved plasma ignition nozzle and an ignition mode have the advantages of convenient installation, stable and reliable effect, wide application in various coal dust feeding gasifiers, simple structure, low cost and safe operation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of ignition of coal gasification equipment, and in particular refers to a plasma ignition mode of a pulverized coal gasification furnace, which is an improvement on the existing pulverized coal gasification furnace ignition mode. Background technique [0002] At present, pulverized coal gasifiers mainly include Shell gasifier, Prenflo gasifier, and the two-stage gasifier of Xi’an Thermal Engineering Institute, etc. The common characteristics of the ignition process are that the ignition method is too cumbersome, and the nozzle structure and logic control are very complicated. . This type of gasifier is equipped with three types of nozzles according to different purposes: ignition nozzle (1), start-up nozzle (1) and coal nozzle (4-8). The order in which it is used in the start-up of the gasifier is: ignition nozzle→starting nozzle→coal nozzle. That is to ignite the appropriate ratio of instrument air and liquefied pe...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] 1. During the start-up of the entire gasifier, the ignition nozzle is easy to ignite, but it is difficult to ignite the start-up nozzle successfully, and problems are prone to occur during the ignition process of the start-up nozzle: insufficient ignition heat, especially for low volatile content The coal-fired coal is not easy to ignite; the head of the start-up nozzle is often burned out, and the production, use and maintenance costs are high; the service life of the equipment is short, and the fuel combustion is insufficient, and the fuel heat utilization rate is low; the start-up process is complicated, and it is inconvenient to start and stop the furnace

[0004] 2. To install an independent fuel supply and storage system

Usually the price of fuel oil and gas is higher than that of the solid fuel used, and a large amount of fuel oil and gas are required for ignition. As the price of oil and gas continues to rise, the operating cost of the plant is increased.

[0005] 3. Due to unfavorable ignition, subsequent combustion is incomplete, resulting in waste of energy and pollution to the environment

Although these patents have modified the nozzle, they still use natural gas and fuel oil for ignition, and have not fundamentally eliminated the disadvantages of traditional ignition.

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