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A kind of electrochemical pretreatment method of cathode for electrolytic extraction of metal gallium

An electrolytic extraction and pretreatment technology, applied in the direction of electrodes, anodic oxidation, electrolysis process, etc., can solve the problems of long induction time, etc., and achieve the effects of reduced induction period time, wide operation range, and simple process

Active Publication Date: 2016-06-29
INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrochemical pretreatment method for electrolytic extraction of gallium metal cathode, which can overcome the problem of long induction time caused by the side reaction of hydrogen evolution on the electrode surface at the initial stage of electrolysis, and can effectively shorten the induction period of gallium metal electrolysis to achieve The purpose of improving current efficiency and reducing energy consumption

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  • A kind of electrochemical pretreatment method of cathode for electrolytic extraction of metal gallium
  • A kind of electrochemical pretreatment method of cathode for electrolytic extraction of metal gallium
  • A kind of electrochemical pretreatment method of cathode for electrolytic extraction of metal gallium

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Embodiment 1

[0026] (1) The stainless steel electrodes after derusting and degreasing are used as the cathode and anode, electrochemically pretreated in a 10% sulfuric acid solution by volume at a temperature of 25°C and a current density of 0.1A / cm 2 , Pretreatment time is 5min.

[0027] (2) Using the electrochemically pretreated anode in step (1) as a cathode, electrolyzing gallium in a sodium gallium solution. The volume of sodium gallate electrolyte is 750ml, and the electrode area is 30cm 2 , Gallium ion (III) concentration is 1g / L, electrolysis temperature is 40℃, current is 3A.

[0028] (3) The induction time of electrolysis of the electrode after electrochemical pretreatment is 20min, while the induction time of the electrode without electrochemical pretreatment is 4-6h.

Embodiment 2

[0030] (1) The stainless steel electrode after derusting and degreasing is used as the cathode and anode, electrochemically pretreated in a 10% sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 20℃, and a current density of 0.1A / cm 2 , The pretreatment time is 30min.

[0031] (2) Using the electrochemically pretreated anode in step (1) as a cathode, electrolyzing gallium in a sodium gallium solution. The volume of sodium gallate electrolyte is 750ml, and the electrode area is 30cm 2 , Gallium ion (III) concentration is 1g / L, electrolysis temperature is 40℃, current is 3A.

[0032] (3) The induction time of electrolysis of the electrode after electrochemical pretreatment is 1.5h, while the induction time of the electrode without electrochemical pretreatment is 4-6h.

Embodiment 3

[0034] (1) The stainless steel electrodes after derusting and degreasing are used as cathode and anode, electrochemically pretreated in 10% sulfuric acid solution by volume, temperature 25℃, current density 0.05A / cm 2 , Pretreatment time is 5min.

[0035] (2) Using the electrochemically pretreated anode in step (1) as a cathode, electrolyzing gallium in a sodium gallium solution. The volume of sodium gallate electrolyte is 750ml, and the electrode area is 30cm 2 , Gallium ion (III) concentration is 1g / L, electrolysis temperature is 40℃, current is 3A.

[0036] (3) The induction time of electrolysis of the electrode after electrochemical pretreatment is 35min, while the induction time of the electrode without electrochemical pretreatment is 4-6h.

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Abstract

Belonging to the technical field of electrolytic extraction of metal gallium, the invention provides an electrochemical pretreatment method of a cathode for electrolytic extraction of metal gallium. The method comprises the processes of: subjecting the cathode for electrolytic extraction of gallium to an oil and rust removal treatment; in an acidic, neutral or alkaline electrolyte, carrying out an electrochemical pretreatment to the cathode for gallium electrolytic extraction as an anode, with the cathode made of but not limited to stainless steel, and maintaining the pretreatment at a temperature of 15-40DEG C for 3min-2h, with an anodic current density of 0.01-0.2A / cm<2>. The electrode subjected to an electrochemical pretreatment has a smoother microscopic surface and a uniform surface current distribution. And as the surface of the electrode undergoing the electrochemical pretreatment exposes a partial crystal lattice structure, so the bonding force of electrodeposited gallium and the electrode surface becomes stronger, and the return dissolubility of the electrodeposited gallium in an alkaline condition can be reduced. Thus, continuous metal gallium layers are more likely to be electrodeposited and the induction time of electrodeposition can be shortened. The electrochemical pretreatment method of an electrode in the invention has the advantages of simple process, easy operation and the like.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electrolytic extraction of metal gallium, and particularly relates to an electrochemical pretreatment method for a cathode for electrolytic extraction of metal gallium. Background technique [0002] Gallium is a rare metal and is often associated with metal minerals such as aluminum, iron and zinc in nature. Therefore, gallium is mainly recovered and extracted from the by-products of smelting these metals. Today 90% of primary gallium is extracted from the circulating mother liquor of alumina production. In the production, gallium-rich solution or gallium concentrate is obtained through lime milk method, carbonation or resin adsorption, and then the solution is produced by alkalization. Electrolyze sodium gallium in NaOH alkaline solution to obtain metal gallium, and the electrode is generally a stainless steel electrode. [0003] As the content of gallium in the deposit is very low, even after multiple enrichm...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C25D11/34C25C7/02C25C1/22
CPCY02P10/20
Inventor 王志刘玲王明涌公旭中李会泉
Owner INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI