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Oil atmospheric vacuum distillation technology

A technology of atmospheric and vacuum distillation and petroleum, which is only applied in the direction of multi-stage series refining process treatment, etc. It can solve the problems of affecting the vacuuming effect of the vacuum tower, affecting the vacuum extraction rate, and low energy utilization efficiency, and achieves the goal of equipment The possibility of burning through is reduced, the effect of environmental protection is good, and the effect of energy saving is remarkable

Active Publication Date: 2012-10-24
PETROCHINA CO LTD
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

When water vapor is injected into the furnace tube, it will also affect the vacuuming effect of the subsequent decompression tower and affect the decompression extraction rate
[0004] The use of molten salt to provide heat for the heat carrier is widely used in high-temperature heating production processes such as chemical fertilizers, melamine, and alumina. Since the distillation process of conventional petroleum products does not require very high temperature differences between oil products and heating furnace tubes, molten salt is used indirectly The energy utilization efficiency of oil heating is low, the construction and maintenance cost is high, the operation is complicated, and the safety requirements are high, etc. It has not been applied in the field of petroleum refining, especially in the field of petroleum atmospheric and vacuum distillation; but with the development of With the continuous improvement of petroleum distillation level requirements, for the distillation process of heavy oil with a boiling range above 350°C, the excessive temperature difference between the oil product and the heating pipeline has become a bottleneck restricting the heating of the oil product to a higher temperature

Method used

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  • Oil atmospheric vacuum distillation technology
  • Oil atmospheric vacuum distillation technology
  • Oil atmospheric vacuum distillation technology

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0018] Such as figure 1 As shown, the oil 1 is heated to 100°C-150°C, and then enters the electric desalination tank 2 for desalination and dehydration. The temperature is 80°C-160°C, the temperature at the bottom of the tower is 180°C-245°C, the top of the tower is equipped with a reflux at the top of the tower to extract the initial distillation tower top gas 4 and the initial distillation tower top oil 5, and the initial distillation tower bottom oil 6 enters the atmospheric furnace after heat exchange 7 After heating to 320°C-370°C, enter the atmospheric tower 8, the operating conditions of the atmospheric tower 8 are: tower top temperature 110°C-150°C, tower top gauge pressure 0.04MPa-0.10MPa, tower bottom temperature 305°C-365°C . The atmospheric pressure tower top gas 11 and the atmospheric pressure tower top oil 12 are extracted from the top of the tower, and the atmospheric pressure tower bottom oil 16 is extracted from the bottom of the atmospheric pressure tower. T...

Embodiment 2

[0020] figure 2 Single-stage distillation is used for the vacuum distillation part, and the heating furnace before the vacuum tower is changed to a partition wall heat exchanger for heat exchange between molten molten salt and petroleum feed. As shown in the figure, the atmospheric tower bottom oil 16 enters the molten salt heat exchanger 31 to be heated to 360°C-440°C and then enters the decompression tower 18. Operate at a pressure of 5-100mmHg and a tower bottom temperature of 345°C to 425°C; the decompression tower 18 and the top pipe 19 are connected to the vacuum facility to extract the top gas and maintain the vacuum at the top of the tower, and draw out the decompression diesel oil 20 from the top reflux. The decompression tower 18 can be equipped with 3 to 4 side lines according to the needs. The figure shows the situation of setting up 3 side lines. 24 is also extracted from the device after heat exchange.

Embodiment 3

[0022] image 3 For the vacuum distillation part, two-stage distillation is adopted, and the heating furnace in front of the second-stage vacuum tower is changed to a partition wall heat exchanger for heat exchange between molten molten salt and petroleum feedstock, and the heating furnace in front of the first-stage vacuum tower remains unchanged. As shown in the figure, the atmospheric pressure tower bottom oil 16 enters the heating furnace 17 to be heated to 350°C-400°C and then enters the first-stage decompression tower 18. The absolute pressure is 10-100mmHg, and the temperature at the bottom of the tower is 345°C-390°C; the first-stage decompression tower 18 and the top pipe 19 are connected to the vacuuming facilities to extract the top gas and maintain the vacuum at the top of the tower. Diesel oil 20, first-stage decompression tower 18 can be provided with 3 to 4 side lines according to needs, the figure shows the situation of setting up 3 side lines, minus first-line...

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Abstract

The invention relates to an oil atmospheric vacuum distillation technology. An raw material inlet of a vacuum distillation tower and / or an atmospheric tower is connected with a tube side of a dividing-wall heat exchanger, a shell side inlet of the dividing-wall heat exchanger is connected with a molten salt heating furnace, a shell side outlet of the dividing-wall heat exchanger is connected with a molten bath, and the molten salt heating furnace is connected with the molten bath. Mixed inorganic salt powder-shaped particles are added in the molten bath, high-pressure steam or electricity is let in the molten bath, the mixed inorganic salt powder-shaped particles are molten to liquid, a molten salt circulating pump is started to carry out forced liquid phase cycles on molten salt when the melting temperature reaches 180 DEG C, the molten salt is transmitted to the molten salt heating furnace for heating, the temperature of the molten salt in the outlet of the molten salt furnace and the temperature of molten salt flow at the inlet of the dividing-wall heat exchanger are controlled between 350 DEG C to 530 DEG C, the molten salt is transmitted to the dividing-wall heat exchanger to heat oil flow to 360 DEG C to 440 DEG C and returns to the melting bath, and the oil flows from the dividing-wall heat exchanger and enters the atmospheric tower or the vacuum tower. According to the technology, the probability of green coke is low, the heating temperature can be improved, and the pull-out rate of the distillation towers can be increased.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an atmospheric and vacuum distillation process of petroleum. Background technique [0002] Atmospheric and vacuum distillation is the first process of petroleum refining. The desalted and dehydrated crude oil is cut into various petroleum fractions in an atmospheric and vacuum device. Since the main equipment of the process includes the initial distillation tower (or flash tower), atmospheric furnace, atmospheric tower, vacuum furnace and vacuum tower, it is referred to as the "two furnaces and three towers" three-stage distillation process. In recent years, many improvements have been made to the petroleum atmospheric and vacuum distillation process, but the heating furnace is still used for heating the petroleum fractions between the distillation towers, and this point has not changed. [0003] In the heating furnace, fuel oil or natural gas, refinery gas and other gas hydrocarbons are used to heat the furnace tube mainly by...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C10G53/02
Inventor 张兆前周华群董卫刚范明李潇何涛波白跃华梅建国朱占伟杨军刘永干
Owner PETROCHINA CO LTD
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