Biomass carbonization device

Abstract

The invention relates to a biomass carbonization device, which mainly includes: a combustion chamber, a feed transmission belt, a biomass stock bin, a flash dryer, a flue gas outlet, a heat pipe air preheater, a hollow screw shaft with a heat accumulator, an upper sleeve, a lower sleeve, a biomass charcoal transmission belt, a pipeline, a spraying settling chamber, an oil separation pool, a carbonization chamber and auxiliary equipment. The device can realize comprehensive utilization of biomass carbonization products, and can realize co-production of biomass charcoal and bio-oil. At the same time, by adopting a circulating heat exchanger repeatedly, the emptied gas can have a low temperature, and the energy loss can be substantially reduced. The design of the hollow screw shaft with the heat accumulator realizes staged carbonization and combustion, thus improving the carbonization efficiency. The biomass carbonization device provided in the invention has the advantages of little pollution, high carbonization efficiency, good production environment, etc., and can achieve automated control. The biomass carbonization device is applicable to carbonization of straws, rice husks, sawdust, peanut shells and other biomass, and is suitable for rural families.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention relates to a device which directly utilizes pyrolysis gas in a carbonization process to provide heat to realize biomass carbonization. Background technique: [0002] At present, with the continuous reduction of primary energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas, human beings pay more attention to the development and utilization of various new energy sources. Biomass, as a renewable energy, is attracting widespread attention as a supplementary energy to fossil energy. The main ways to convert low-grade biomass energy into high-grade energy include gasification, liquefaction, carbonization and direct combustion technologies. Carbonization is a very potential conversion technology due to its high carbon yield and relatively mature technology. [0003] At present, the common biomass carbonization methods mainly include: carbonization kiln, intermittent carbonization method, closed boring tank carbonization method, and dry distillati...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, the common biomass carbonization methods mainly include: carbonization kiln, intermittent carbonization method, closed boring tank carbonization method, and dry distillation method, but the carbonization time is long, the degree of automation is low, the quality of carbonized products is not high, the production environment is harsh, and the product quality heavily dependent on worker experience etc.

The relatively advanced Northeast honeycomb type and long charcoal kilns have a production cycle of 7 days; the new generation of mobile metal cabinet carbonization furnaces has relatively high efficiency. The carbon yield is about 25%, and the production cycle can be greatly shortened, but There are still problems of environmental pollution and low energy utilization

[0004] The biomass pyrolysis carbonization process is accompanied by the production of bio-oil and combustible gas. Distillates such as wood tar, wood vinegar, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, and esters are important chemical raw materials. The operation data optimizes the product structure. At present, carbonization equipment ignores this beneficial part, and basically adopts emptying treatment, which pollutes the environment and wastes resources. These problems limit the healthy development of the biomass industry.

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