Environmental self-lubricating wear-resistant copper alloy and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses environmental self-lubricating wear-resistant copper alloy, comprising the following components by mass percent: 5-13% of Sn, 2-9% of Ni and/or Co, 2-11% of Bi, 0.05-0.3% of Zr, 0.05-0.5% of RE, the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities, wherein the content of the impurity is smaller than or equal to 0.3%, the RE is Ce-La misch metal. Meanwhile, the preparation method of the environmental self-lubricating wear-resistant copper alloy is disclosed. The environmental self-lubricating wear-resistant copper alloy has the advantages that the conventional wear-resistant copper alloy containing lead is replaced, and the environmental self-lubricating wear-resistant copper alloy is the wear-resistant copper alloy material with environment-friendly and self-lubricating effects. The alloy solidification molding process is interfered by adopting a strong pulsed electromagnetic physical field in the manufacturing process, the as-cast segregation and loosening of the obtained environmental self-lubricating wear-resistant copper alloy are significantly reduced, the alloy is fine and even in as-cast structure, and high in density, the hardness of the molded casting is greater than 70HB, the tensile strength is greater than 230MPa, and the alloy density is greater than 8.7g/cm<3>. The environmental self-lubricating wear-resistant copper alloy has good overall performance, the preparation method is good in stability, and low in cost, the preparation process is green and free of pollution, and industrialization is easily achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a metal material and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a wear-resistant copper alloy and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Among the many wear-resistant copper alloys, each type of wear-resistant copper alloy has its own characteristics and advantages. Tin bronze is widely used in mining, metallurgy, machinery, electric power and other industries because of its antimagnetic properties, small shrinkage coefficient, good welding performance, and no sparks during impact, such as bearing bushes, bushings, sliders, etc. The field of alloy application occupies an important position. On the basis of Cu-Sn alloy, add appropriate amount of alloying elements such as Zn, Pb, Ni, Fe, Co, Si, Mn, etc., the alloying elements strengthen the α-Cu solid solution in the form of solid solution strengthening, and at the same time, the hard phase δ phase can improve Alloy hardness and wear resistance, Pb par...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

(1) It is easy to produce micro-shrinkage cavity and shrinkage porosity: the crystallization temperature range of tin bronze is very wide (the maximum temperature interval of the liquid-solid line is 160-170 °C), and in such a wide solidification zone, the dendrites are staggered, When the cooling rate is small, α dendrites occur in the entire volume almost at the same time, and the feeding channel disappears rapidly. Therefore, it is difficult to feed a large number of microscopic voids between α dendrites in the late solidification stage, and microscopic shrinkage and porosity are easy to occur. Shrinkage cavity

(2) High thermal cracking tendency: Since tin bronze is solidified in a paste state, the surface of the casting is crusted late, and the surface solidified layer advances slowly to the center. When the solid shrinkage of the casting begins, the solidified layer on the surface of the casting is thinner, and the dendrite structure There is still a small amount of liquid between them, so it is easy to generate intergranular cracks

However, this preparation method has high process cost and poor process stability, making it difficult to carry out industrialization