Cotton no-tillage summer direct seeding cultivation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a cotton no-tillage summer direct seeding cultivation method. The method comprises the steps of (1) variety and seed selection, (2) seeding time, (3) chemical weed control, (4) seedling management, (5) chemical regulation, (6) the fertilizing amount and fertilizing method, and (7) ethephon ripening acceleration. In the step of chemical weed control, after planting, preemergence herbicide is evenly sprayed in each 667 m<2>, and weeds are sealed. In the step of seedling management, after cotton seedlings come up out of the ground, a half amount type Bordeaux mixture is sprayed. In the step of chemical regulation, mepiquat chloride is sprayed at the bud stage, at the initial bloom stage and after topping stage respectively, and the dosage and the spraying frequency of the mepiquat chloride are adjusted according to the weather condition, soil fertility, field density and cotton plant growth vigor. In the step of the fertilizing amount and fertilizing method, nitrogen of 12-14 kg is applied in each 667 m<2>, the high dosage is used in cotton which is sowed before May 20th, and the low dosage is used in cotton which is sowed after May 20th. In the step of ethephon ripening acceleration, ethephon is sprayed, and the cotton boll opening rate can be improved by more than 20%. The method is easy to implement, operation is simple and convenient, and the effects of lowering cotton production cost, stabilizing or improving cotton yield, increasing cotton planting benefits and reducing environmental burdens are achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cotton cultivation, and more specifically relates to a method suitable for low-input and high-yield cultivation of cotton in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in short seasons. Production cycle, reduce labor and material input, reduce labor intensity, reduce cotton production cost, improve cotton planting efficiency, and environmentally friendly cultivation methods. Background technique [0002] Cotton is the most important fiber crop related to people's daily life, so it is also one of the most important economic crops in the world. Cotton production occupies a pivotal position in China's national economy. China's cotton planting area accounts for 3% of the country's total crop planting area, but its output value accounts for 10% of the total crop output value. The export of textiles and garments with cotton fiber as the main raw material earns 100 billion U.S. dollars every year, accoun...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0007] Second, the cost of cotton production has risen: labor costs have risen, and material inputs (pesticides, fertilizers, plastic films, seeds, etc.)

[0010] Third, there are many restrictive factors in cotton production, and the output and benefits fluctuate greatly.

Cotton production is affected by many factors: First, the cotton production cycle is long, affected by natural climate, pest damage and other disasters, and the cotton yield varies greatly between years; There is a large difference in output; third, the willingness to produce cotton is greatly affected by the price ratio of grain and cotton and the cotton price of the previous year. The planting area and willingness to plant are prone to increase and decrease, which leads to fluctuations in the scale of cotton production, resulting in fluctuations in output and prices. And the alternation of peaks and valleys of cotton planting benefits; Fourth, cotton prices are greatly affected and impacted by many factors such as raw cotton imports, international oil prices and international trade in cotton textiles

[0012] In addition, the number of China's rural labor force is still decreasing, the labor force structure is further united, and the quality of labor force continues to deteriorate. At the same time, the area of ​​agricultural arable land has decreased, the price of agricultural production materials has risen, and labor costs have risen, resulting in a decline in the economic benefits of cotton production (comparatively)

On the other hand, the inappropriate input of a large amount of materials (quantity, method, period) in cotton production has led to widespread waste of materials, increased environmental burden, and aggravated agricultural non-point source pollution.

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