Rare earth fused-salt electrolysis cell for producing rare earth metals and alloys by using liquid cathode

Abstract

The invention discloses a rare earth fused-salt electrolysis cell for producing rare earth metals and alloys by using a liquid cathode. The rare earth fused-salt electrolysis cell mainly comprises an electrolysis cell body, an anode and the liquid cathode; the anode and the cathode are provided with horizontal planes parallel to and facing each other; the anode is vertically inserted in the electrolysis cell body; the liquid cathode is a liquid metal electrolyzed at the bottom; a tungsten plate is inlaid in the internal bottom of the electrolysis cell body; a molybdenum plate or a niobium plate can be taken as a cathode bottom plate or a rare earth metal catcher for an electrolytic product separated out on the cathode. The rare earth fused-salt electrolysis cell for producing rare earth metals and alloys by using the liquid cathode has the advantages of high current efficiency, low radiant heat losses, high anode utilization rate, long electrolysis cell service life and low investment of the electrolysis cell body; the single plant capacity can reach above 100 KA, the energy consumption per unit product is greatly reduced, and produced products are stable in quality, low in production cost and relatively closed.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a rare earth molten salt electrolytic cell for producing rare earth metals and alloys, in particular to an assembly composed of a cell body, a rectangular parallelepiped anode and a liquid cathode, especially a rare earth molten salt electrolytic cell of more than 30KA. Background technique [0002] At present, the method for producing rare earth metals and alloys is mainly electrolytic oxidation of rare earth in fluoride molten salt system, and the electrolytic cell used mainly has the following structures: [0003] Japanese Patent Sho 61-253391, the electrolytic cell is lined with tungsten, molybdenum and other metal materials. Since tungsten, molybdenum and other materials are easily oxidized in high temperature environments, the electrolytic cell is a closed electrolytic cell filled with inert gas protection; [0004] Japanese Patent Sho 62-146291, the lining of the electrolytic cell is made of iron or stainless steel, and ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] Japanese Patent Sho 62-146291, the lining of the electrolytic cell is made of iron or stainless steel, and the metal product is easily polluted when producing a single rare earth metal;

[0005] Chinese patent CN85100748A, the electrolytic cell is lined with integral graphite, and the exterior of the inner liner is composed of a graphite layer, an iron jacket and an insulating layer. Since the inner liner is made of integral graphite, the scale of the electrolytic cell is limited by the size of the graphite;

The electrolytic cell body is non-airtight, and the electrolytic cell can be built according to the scale, which is suitable for electrolytic cells above 30KA, but it is difficult to build it, and the service life needs to be improved

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