Debitterized and detoxified bitter apricot kernel and production method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a debitterized and detoxified bitter apricot kernel and a production method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of primary processing of bitter apricot kernels. The method comprises the following steps: peeling bitter apricot kernels used as a raw materials, debitterizing the peeled bitter apricot kernels, detoxifying the debitterized bitter apricot kernels to obtain apricot kernel sections, carrying out microwave drying to obtain dry apricot kernel sections, collecting bitter apricot kernel skins, refrigerating the skins, crushing the refrigerated skins, uniformly mixing the crushed skins with a debitterizing liquid, carrying out enzymatic hydrolysis, distilling the obtained material twice to obtain an apricot kernel skin extract, decolorizing the extract, mixing the decolorized extract with the dry apricot kernel sections according to a certain ratio, and stir-frying the obtained mixture to obtain the bitter apricot kernel with the characteristics of bitter apricot kernel natural flavor, brightness, cleanness and regularity, high debitterizing rate (98.5-99.8%), substantial debitterizing effect (the cyanide residual quantity is 0.04-0.06mg / kg), long shelf life (24-36 months) and low cost. The preparation method has the advantages of simple process, short period, high efficiency, energy saving, large scale production, realization of zero discharge of toxic substances in the technical field of primary processing of the bitter apricot kernels, environmental protection, and exploration of a new way for depth processing of the bitter apricot kernels.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to primary processing of bitter almonds, in particular to debitter and detoxified bitter almonds and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Bitter almond (Semenarmeniacaeamarum) is the dry mature seed kernel of Prunusarmeniaca L.var.ansuMaxim., Siberian apricot Prunussibirica L., Northeast apricot Prunusmandshurica (Maxim.) Koehne or apricot Prunusarmeniaca L. of the Rosaceae plant. It also occupies an important position in the international nut market. Bitter almond is rich in nutrition, and its main components include amygdalin (2%-7%), bitter almond oil (45%), almond protein (25%) and carbohydrates (3%); in addition, it also contains a variety of trace elements ( Such as potassium, calcium, iron, etc.) and rich vitamin E; these determine that bitter almonds have extremely high edible and medicinal value, and are good raw materials for developing functional foods. [0003] Amygdalin (Amygdalin) is one of t...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

But contain ethanol and hydrocyanic acid in the debittering liquid of above-mentioned method simultaneously, both are all very soluble in water, are difficult for separation, cause separation process cost to raise, pollute environment again after discharge, and hyperosmotic ethanol solution (80%) will The surface of bitter almonds is rough and not smooth, which affects the appearance and natural flavor of the product. At the same time, the debittering rate is not high, the highest is about 95%.

[0009] In summary, the production and processing of bitter almond products in the above-mentioned published patents and technical documents is limited to the development of a single product, while discarding other by-products, especially the precursor substance amygdalin, which is the precursor of benzaldehyde, as a toxic substance, which not only caused A large amount of waste of resources also pollutes the environment, and simultaneously loses the natural flavor of bitter almonds. Therefore, it is still a challenge for those skilled in the art to seek a kind of bitter almonds with natural flavor of bitter almonds, high debittering rate, long shelf life and low cost. relentless pursuit

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