Gold-nanoparticle fluorescence probe and preparation method and application thereof

The invention provides a gold-nanoparticle fluorescence probe and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps that 1-10 parts of 3-5 mmol/L chloroauric acid aqueous solution is heated to 80 DEG C to 120 DEG C, 1-5 parts of 4-6 mmol/L 2-mercapto-4-methyl-5-thiazoleacetic acid aqueous solution is added to the chloroauric acid aqueous solution, continuous heating stirring is conducted for 5 min to 30 min, and the gold-nanoparticle fluorescence probe is obtained. The preparation method is simple in reaction condition, rapid and friendly to environment. 2-mercapto-4-methyl-5-thiazoleacetic acid serves as a reducing agent and a protective agent, 2-mercapto-4-methyl-5-thiazoleacetic acid itself has the reducing property, and addition of a frequently-used reducing agent sodium borohydride, surfactants and the like is avoided. The gold-nanoparticle fluorescence probe presents intense blue fluorescence on the fluorescence emission peak near 430 nm, the gold-nanoparticle fluorescence probe is good in stability when preserved at room temperature and can be used for high-sensitivity and high-selectivity detection of Fe<3+>, the detection process is simple, convenient and rapid, and the detection result is accurate.