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Preparation method of lightweight and high strength thermal insulation foam composite material

A composite material and lightweight technology, which is applied in the field of lightweight high-strength thermal insulation foam composite materials, can solve the problems of inability to apply engineering, low mechanical strength, and insufficient strength, and achieve enhanced mechanical properties, low volume density, and low cost. Effect

Active Publication Date: 2016-11-09
WUHAN UNIV OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] At present, the research on the application of airgel in the field of thermal insulation materials is mainly to prepare composite thermal insulation materials by adding reinforcement phases such as whiskers, long and short fibers, etc., but there are problems such as high cost, insufficient strength, and inability to be used in engineering applications.
Patent document CN103596900A discloses a method for preparing an airgel thermal insulation material through an adhesive, but adding an adhesive may make the material brittle and improve the thermal conductivity of the material, and the mechanical strength is not high
Patent document CN101014535A discloses a method for preparing polymethyl methacrylate containing bonded silicon, that is, organically modified silica airgel, but the airgel is used as a matrix, and if it is used as a structural material, it still has strength Insufficient problem
There are few studies on the synergistic effect of mechanical strength and thermal insulation effect by using polymer as the matrix to simultaneously produce micron and nanopores and make the pore size distribution uniform.

Method used

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  • Preparation method of lightweight and high strength thermal insulation foam composite material
  • Preparation method of lightweight and high strength thermal insulation foam composite material
  • Preparation method of lightweight and high strength thermal insulation foam composite material

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0041] SiO modified by organosilane 2 The airgel is ground and pulverized, mixed with PMMA by banburying, extruding, melting and mixing, and then hot-pressed in a tablet machine to obtain SiO 2 Airgel / PMMA composite sheet, and then use supercritical fluid foaming technology to prepare airgel / PMMA foam composite material.

[0042] SiO mixed with PMMA 2 The skeleton structure of the airgel itself has not been destroyed (see figure 1 ). Compared with pure PMMA foam, the as-prepared SiO 2 The cell diameter of the airgel / PMMA foam composite is reduced, the cell distribution is more uniform, the cell wall is thicker, the cell density is increased, and the bulk density is small. And there is a multi-level pore structure, the diameter of the nanopore is 10-60nm, and the pore wall embedded in the micropore is evenly distributed. As a result, through the transient plane heat source method (Modified Transient Plane Source) and universal testing machine test (compression and bending ...

Embodiment 2

[0044] 1. Dry the PMMA particles in a vacuum oven at 80° C. for 4 hours.

[0045] 2. Pour the dried PMMA granules into an internal mixer for melting for 20 minutes at a speed of 45 rpm and a temperature of 220°C, and then hot-press at 170°C in a tablet machine to obtain a 2mm thick PMMA sheet for 50 minutes.

[0046] 3. Bind the prepared PMMA sheet with a 5mm mold, place it in a high-pressure reactor, and pass CO 2 (Twice increase the pressure to 3MPa and then release the pressure), then use a heating device to heat the high-pressure reactor from room temperature to 90 °C at a rate of 10 °C / min, and then use a syringe pump to inject CO 2 Reach 17MPa, constant temperature and pressure saturation for 8h, get CO 2 Adsorbs saturated polymeric material.

[0047] 4. Unscrew the pressure relief valve to release the pressure to normal pressure within 3 seconds, remove the heating device, put the autoclave into the ice-water mixture for rapid cooling, and obtain the PMMA foam materia...

Embodiment 3

[0050] 1. SiO modified by organosilane 2 The airgel was ground and pulverized, and the PMMA particles were dried in a vacuum oven at 80° C. for 4 hours, and 0.5 wt.% airgel particles and PMMA particles were weighed and pre-mixed for 5 minutes.

[0051] 2. The dried SiO 2 The airgel / PMMA mixed system was poured into an internal mixer for melting and mixing for 10 minutes at a speed of 80 rpm and a temperature of 220°C, and then hot-pressed in a tablet machine at 170°C to obtain a 2mm-thick sheet with a hot-pressing time of 45 minutes. SiO 2 Airgel / PMMA composites.

[0052] 3. The prepared SiO 2 The airgel / PMMA composite was bound with a 5mm mold, placed in an autoclave, and fed with CO 2 (Twice increase the pressure to 3Mpa and then release the pressure), then use a heating device to heat the high-pressure reactor from room temperature to 100 °C at a rate of 10 °C / min, and then use a syringe pump to inject CO 2 Reach 16MPa, constant temperature and pressure saturation for ...

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Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a lightweight and high strength thermal insulation foam composite material. The composite material is prepared by taking lightweight, high porosity and low thermal conductivity aerogel nanoparticles as the heterogeneous nucleation agent and thermal insulation particle additive, and adopting polymer PMMA as the matrix. The method consists of the steps of: (1) preparation of an aerogel / PMMA composite material; and (2) preparation of aerogel / PMMA foam composite material. The foam composite material prepared by the method provided by the invention has a density of 0.35-0.44g / cm<3>, a compression strength of 15.19-19.92MPa under normal temperature test conditions, bending strength of 15.53-22.24MPa, and thermal conductivity of 0.052-0.091W / (m.K), and the microstructure is controllable, the preparation process is simple and easy to operate, and the cost is low, the composite material can be used as a thermal insulation and structural material, and has wide application prospects in building energy-saving, aerospace and other fields.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a light-weight high-strength thermal insulation foam composite material with a multi-level pore structure, which can be used as thermal insulation and structural materials and applied to the fields of building energy saving, aerospace and the like. In particular, airgel particles are mixed, and supercritical fluid foaming method is used to introduce micron and nanometer multi-level cells into the composite material, so as to reduce the thermal conductivity of the polymer matrix and enhance its mechanical properties. Background technique [0002] In recent years, energy and environmental protection issues have become prominent, so the demand for high-efficiency thermal insulation materials is increasing. Foam is a traditional insulation material, and inorganic / polymer-based foam materials combine the properties of inorganic and organic polymers, providing a new way to prepare insulation materials. A suitable amount of airgel pa...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C08J9/12C08L33/12C08K9/06C08K3/22C08K3/36
CPCC08J9/122C08J2203/06C08J2203/08C08J2205/026C08J2205/042C08J2333/12C08K3/22C08K3/36C08K9/06C08K2003/2227C08K2201/011C08L2203/14C08L33/12
Inventor 罗国强谷晓丽金志鹏张联盟沈强张睿智张建
Owner WUHAN UNIV OF TECH
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