A two-stage heavy oil slurry bed hydrogenation equipment and method

Abstract

The invention discloses heavy oil hydrogenation equipment adopting a two-section type slurry bed and a heavy oil hydrogenation method. The equipment comprises a first slurry bed reactor, a first separation unit, a second slurry bed reactor and a second separation unit which communicate sequentially, wherein each of the first slurry bed reactor and the second slurry bed reactor comprises a riser (4), an expansion section (1) and a downcomer (8), the expansion section (1) communicates with the upper part of the downcomer (8), the lower part of the riser (4) communicates with the bottom of the downcomer (8), a slurry phase separator is arranged in the expansion section (1), a demister (11) is arranged at the upper part of the slurry phase separator, a gas outlet (10) is formed in the top of the expansion section, a material outlet (13) is formed in the side wall of the expansion section, and a fluid distributor (7) and a raw material inlet (9) are formed in the bottom of the riser (4). By means of the provided heavy oil hydrogenation equipment adopting the two-section type slurry bed and the heavy oil hydrogenation method, long-period running of reactors is facilitated, the hydrogenation conversion rate of heavy oil is increased, and processing of follow-up equipment to slurry is improved.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a heavy oil hydrogenation equipment and method, and more specifically, to a heavy oil hydrogenation equipment and method using a two-stage slurry-bed reactor. Background technique [0002] Hydrogenation is an important technical route for processing low-quality raw materials. Through hydrogenation, impurities such as metals, colloids, residual carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen in heavy oils can be effectively removed. At present, the most commonly used in the hydroprocessing process is the downflow fixed bed reactor, that is, trickle bed reactor, but heavy oils such as residual oil and coal liquefied oil are likely to cause hydrogenation catalyst poisoning or catalyst pores due to high impurity content. Clogging and rapid deactivation, and impurities may block the bed, causing the pressure drop to rise rapidly, causing the reactor to deteriorate and even fail to operate normally. The reactor that uses gas-liquid co-current to move upwar...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, the most commonly used in the hydrogenation process is the downflow fixed bed reactor, that is, the trickle bed reactor, but heavy oil products such as residual oil and coal liquefied oil are prone to poisoning of the hydrogenation catalyst or catalyst pores due to high impurity content. Blockage and rapid deactivation, and impurities may block the bed layer, causing a rapid increase in pressure drop, resulting in poor reactor conditions, or even failure to operate normally

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