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Nanofiber for extracting and enriching heavy metal ions and preparation method thereof

A technology of heavy metal ions and nanofibers, applied in fiber treatment, alkali metal compounds, chemical characteristics of fibers, etc., can solve the problems of long adsorption time, difficulty, difficult elution and extraction, etc.

Active Publication Date: 2019-01-25
中国人民解放军军事医学科学院实验动物中心
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0007] Aiming at the problems of low adsorption amount of heavy metal ions by ordinary materials, long adsorption time, difficult extraction after adsorption and other problems, the present invention has developed a nanofiber that extracts and enriches heavy metal ions

Method used

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  • Nanofiber for extracting and enriching heavy metal ions and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0018] a) Sodium alginate, carboxymethyl chitosan, polyoxyethylene ether and polyacrylamide were successively dissolved in deionized water, ultrasonically dispersed evenly, and spinning solution was obtained after defoaming; the spinning solution was injected into the needle tube, Nanofibers are obtained by high-voltage electrospinning technology, and the spinning time is controlled so that the thickness of the nanofiber film is 300 microns;

[0019] b) preparing an aqueous solution of calcium chloride with a mass percentage of metal ions of 30% as an ion cross-linking agent;

[0020] c) Soak the nanofibrous membrane obtained in step a) into the calcium chloride aqueous solution obtained in step b) to crosslink for 24 hours, wash off the surface calcium chloride with deionized water, obtain a macroporous structure through freeze-drying, and then freeze-dry The nanofiber membrane was immersed in deionized water for 24 hours again, and the polyacrylamide was washed off to obtain...

Embodiment 2

[0023] a) Dissolve sodium alginate, carboxymethyl chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone successively in deionized water, disperse uniformly by ultrasonic, and obtain spinning solution after defoaming; inject the spinning solution into the needle tube, pass Nanofibers are obtained by high-voltage electrospinning technology, and the spinning time is controlled so that the thickness of the nanofiber film is 50 microns;

[0024] b) preparing a calcium nitrate aqueous solution with a mass percentage of metal ions of 2%, as an ion crosslinking agent;

[0025] c) Soak the nanofibrous membrane obtained in step a) into the calcium nitrate aqueous solution obtained in step b) to crosslink for 24 hours, wash off the surface calcium nitrate with deionized water, obtain a macroporous structure through freeze-drying, and then freeze-dry the nanofibrous membrane Soak the fiber membrane in deionized water for 2 hours again, and wash off the polyvinylpyrrolidone to obtain a micr...

Embodiment 3

[0028] a) Dissolve sodium alginate, carboxymethyl chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol successively in deionized water, disperse uniformly by ultrasonic, and obtain spinning solution after defoaming; inject the spinning solution into the needle tube, pass Nanofibers are obtained by high-voltage electrospinning technology, and the spinning time is controlled so that the thickness of the nanofiber film is 200 microns;

[0029] b) preparing an aqueous solution of calcium dihydrogen phosphate with a mass percentage of metal ions of 10%, as an ion cross-linking agent;

[0030] c) Soak the nanofibrous membrane obtained in step a) into the aqueous solution of calcium dihydrogen phosphate obtained in step b) for cross-linking for 5 hours, wash off the surface calcium dihydrogen phosphate with deionized water, obtain a macroporous structure through freeze-drying, and then freeze the The dried nanofiber membrane was immersed in deionized water for 8 hours again, and the p...

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Abstract

The invention aims to solve the problems that the adsorption amount of common materials on heavy metal ions is low, the adsorption time is long, and after adsorption, the elution and extraction are difficult. Sodium alginate and carboxymethyl chitosan are taken as the main raw materials; then sodium alginate, carboxymethyl chitosan, polymer for assisting spinning, and a pore-foaming agent are dissolved into water to prepare a spinning solution; nano fibers can be obtained by a static spinning technology, and after calcium ion crosslinking and moulding, a nano fiber for extracting and enriching heavy metal ions can be obtained. The nano fiber that has adsorbed heavy metal ions is put into a metal ion complexing agent; and the strong bonding force of the metal ion complexing agent is used to dissolve the alginate / carboxymethyl chitosan composite hydrogel so that the heavy metal ions can be evenly dispersed in the solution. The adsorption amount can be calculated by measuring the change of concentrations before / after the adsorption of the nano fiber. The enrichment multiple ratio of the nano fiber on heavy metals can be calculated according to the volume ratio of the solution and the metal ion complexing agent solution before adsorption. The provided nano fiber has a good application prospect on heavy metal ion enrichment detection.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a preparation of nanofibers for extracting and enriching heavy metal ions and a method for enriching heavy metals, belonging to the fields of functional materials, environmental materials and chemical industry. Background technique [0002] With China's rapid industrialization and urbanization, a large amount of heavy metals are discharged into the environment through various channels, increasing the heavy metal burden on the environment and causing serious heavy metal pollution. Heavy metals mainly enter water bodies through man-made pollution, geological erosion, and weathering. They are not easy to be metabolized in the biological chain, and are easy to be enriched by organisms, which seriously threatens the survival of humans and aquatic organisms. [0003] The analysis and detection methods of heavy metals mainly include atomic adsorption spectrometry, atomic emission spectrometry, atomic fluorescence spectrometry, ICP-OES...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01J20/24B01J20/28B01J20/30C02F1/28C02F1/62D01F1/10D01F9/00D06M11/155D06M11/65D06M11/71D06M11/76
CPCB01J20/22B01J20/24B01J20/28023B01J2220/4806B01J2220/4812B01J2220/4825C02F1/285C02F1/288C02F2101/20D01F1/10D01F9/00D06M11/155D06M11/65D06M11/71D06M11/76
Inventor 高全胜赵孔银秦志李金刚刘亮魏梦梦郭杰蔡志江魏俊富
Owner 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院实验动物中心