Sectional type pyrolysis and gasification device

[0021] Example 1 of double-axis double-return

[0022] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a segmented pyrolysis gasification device includes a first furnace body 101, a first feed port 102 and a first discharge port 103 provided on the first furnace body 101, and a first furnace body Inside 101, there are two first main shafts 104 and second main shafts 105 that are spaced apart and cross the first furnace body 101, and a first trough-type air distribution plate 106 is provided below the first main shaft 104 and the second main shaft 105. and the second trough air distribution plate 107, the first drive governor 108 and the second drive governor 109 respectively provided on the first main shaft 104 and the second main shaft 105, the first main shaft 104 and the second main shaft 105 are respectively provided with a plurality of first blades 110 and second blades 111 distributed at equal intervals, a second outlet 112 provided on one side of the first trough-type air distribution plate 106, and a second trough-type air distribution plate 106. A first partition 113 is provided between the plate 107 and the inner wall of the furnace, and a first gasification agent inlet 114 is provided on the furnace body on the side corresponding to the second trough-type air distribution board 107 . The second trough-type air distribution plate 107 and the first furnace body 101 form a first air chamber 115 separated by a first partition 113 . The first furnace body 101 is provided with a first gas outlet 116, and the position of the first gas outlet 116 may be at the front end of the first furnace body 101 or at the top. The above-mentioned air cavity can be in an arc-shaped structure or in a square-shaped structure. The above-mentioned first partition 113 divides the air chamber into several sections, which is convenient for accurately adjusting the reaction temperature of each section in the furnace. Therefore, the gasification agent inlet is not limited to two, and its number should be consistent with the number of air chamber sections. Each section The length of the air cavity is not limited to be uniform. The first discharge port 103 and the second discharge port 112 are arranged on the first trough-type air distribution plate 106 and the second slit-type air distribution plate 107 in a shifted position. Both the first trough-type air distribution plate 106 and the second trough-type air distribution plate 107 are provided with a plurality of regularly arranged through holes 117 . The distribution of the through holes 117 can be located in the bottom area of ​​the above-mentioned air distribution plate, can be located in the side area, or can be arranged in other ways. The directions of helical rotation of the first spindle 104 and the second spindle 105 are opposite. The furnace is a high-temperature environment, and the length of the main shaft cannot be too long. Therefore, in order to ensure that the material has sufficient residence time, the stirring effect of the material and the uniformity of the reaction are gradually reduced, and the sufficient reaction efficiency can be ensured while the large processing capacity is large. Consider designing two sets of superimposed spiral pyrolysis gasifiers in the furnace, that is, a double-shaft double-return structure. The pyrolysis reaction of materials in the upper furnace mainly relies on the gasification reaction of the lower furnace to provide heat, which is similar to the stratified reaction principle of the updraft fixed bed gasifier, but its mass and heat transfer efficiency is much higher than that of the updraft fixed bed gasifier. Furnace. On the premise of ensuring a uniform and stable reaction, the residence time of the reaction can be extended, the processing capacity can be increased, and the investment cost can be saved. The first discharge port 103 and the second discharge port 112 are respectively provided with a first discharge valve 118 and a second discharge valve 119 ; the biomass material is fed in from the first feed port 102 . Both the first trough-type air distribution plate 106 and the second trough-type air distribution plate 107 are arc-shaped. The inner wall of the first furnace body 101 is provided with an insulating layer 120 .

[0023] Embodiment 2 of segmented spiral pyrolysis gasifier

[0024] like Image 6 As shown, a segmented pyrolysis and gasification device includes three first spiral pyrolysis and gasification furnaces 210, second spiral pyrolysis and gasification furnaces 220 and third spiral pyrolysis and gasification furnaces 230 connected in series. . The first spiral pyrolysis gasification furnace 210 includes a second furnace body 211, a second feed port 212 and a third discharge port 213 provided on the second furnace body 211, and a horizontal Pass through the third main shaft 214 of the second furnace body 211, the third trough type air distribution plate 215 provided on the third main shaft 214, the third drive governor 216 provided on the third main shaft 214, The three main shafts 214 are provided with a plurality of third blades 217 distributed at equal intervals, and the second partition plate 218 and the corresponding third trough type air distribution plate 215 and the inner wall of the second furnace body 211 are provided between the third trough type air distribution plate 215 A second gasification agent inlet 219 is provided on the second furnace body 211 on one side of the air distribution plate 215 . The third trough-type air distribution plate 215 and the second furnace body 211 form a second air chamber 2110 separated by a second partition 218 . The second spiral pyrolysis gasification furnace 220 includes a third furnace body 221, a third feed port 222 communicated with the third discharge port 213 is provided on the third furnace body 221, The fourth discharge port 223 of the third furnace body 221 is provided with a fourth main shaft 224 crossing the third furnace body 221, a fourth trough-type air distribution plate 225 is provided on the fourth main shaft 224, and The 4th driving governor 226 that is provided with on the 4th main shaft 224, be provided with the 4th blade 227 that a plurality of equidistant distributions are arranged on the 4th main shaft 224, and the 4th trough type air distribution plate 225 and the 3rd furnace body The third partition 228 provided between the inner walls of 221 and the third gasification agent inlet 229 provided on the third furnace body 221 on the side corresponding to the fourth trough-type air distribution plate 225 . The fourth trough-type air distribution plate 225 and the third furnace body 221 form a third arc-shaped structure separated by a third partition plate 228, which may also be a square-shaped structure. The fourth trough-type air distribution plate 225 and the third furnace body 221 form a third air cavity 2210 separated by a third partition 228 . The third spiral pyrolysis gasification furnace 230 comprises a fourth furnace body 231, a fourth feed port 232 communicated with the fourth discharge port 223 is provided on the fourth furnace body 231, and a fourth furnace body 231 is provided with The fifth discharge port 233 of the fourth furnace body 231 is provided with the fifth main shaft 234 crossing the fourth furnace body 231, the fifth groove type air distribution plate 235 is provided on the fifth main shaft 234, and The 5th driving governor 236 that is provided with on the 5th main shaft 234, the 5th blade 237 that is provided with a plurality of equidistant distributions on the 5th main shaft 234, and the 5th trough type air distribution plate 235 and the 4th furnace body The fourth partition 238 provided between the inner walls of 231 and the fourth gasification agent inlet 239 provided on the fourth furnace body 231 on the side corresponding to the fifth trough-type air distribution plate 235 . The fifth trough-type air distribution plate 235 and the fourth furnace body 231 form a fourth air cavity 2310 separated by a fourth partition 238 . The second furnace body 211 and the fourth furnace body 231 are respectively provided with a second gas outlet 240 and a third gas outlet 250 . The second furnace body 211 and the fourth furnace body 231 are respectively provided with a second gas outlet 240 and a third gas outlet 250. The position of the second gas outlet 240 may be at the front end of the fourth furnace body 231, or is at the top. The above-mentioned sections are separated by the ash discharge valve to form an independent environment, separate the various processes of the pyrolysis and gasification reaction, and complete the reaction in an independent furnace space, which is beneficial to the pyrolysis and gasification characteristics of the material, as well as the product. The most economical and efficient reaction efficiency can be obtained by setting the optimal parameters in each reaction section according to the different requirements. The first blade 110 , the second blade 111 , the third blade 217 , the fourth blade 227 and the fifth blade 237 can all adopt an intermittent helical blade or a rake structure or a spiral belt structure. The specifics are determined by the material characteristics. The main shaft is a heat-resistant stainless steel hollow pipe or a cast steel pipe fitting. The structure of the hollow tube can reduce the weight of the spindle itself and increase the rigidity of the spindle; it can also be used as a flow channel for the cooling medium. When the temperature in the furnace is high, the cooling medium is passed through to ensure the structural strength of the spindle. The pitches on the first blade 110 , the second blade 111 , the third blade 217 , the fourth blade 227 and the fifth blade 237 are gradual pitches. The main purpose is to adapt to the characteristics of volume change in the process of material pyrolysis and gasification; in order to increase the stirring effect on the material, a rake can also be added on the blade.

[0025] Example 3 of the process principle of obtaining high calorific value and low tar gas in a segmented spiral pyrolysis gasifier

[0026] like Figure 7 As shown, the material enters the system from the feed port of the first spiral pyrolysis gasifier 210 in the reaction section, and is dried and pyrolyzed in the first spiral pyrolysis gasifier 210 in the reaction section, and the gas is heated by the first spiral pyrolysis gasifier in the reaction section. The second gas outlet 240 of the pyrolysis gasifier 210 is discharged, and in the second spiral pyrolysis gasifier 220 of the reaction section, the air entering through the third gasification agent inlet 229 is mixed with the air from the first spiral pyrolysis gasifier 210 of the reaction section. The material in the third discharge port 213 undergoes a gasification reaction to generate gas and release heat, which is used to maintain the high temperature environment of the second spiral pyrolysis gasifier 220 in the reaction section. The gas outlet of the furnace 220 is discharged and enters the first spiral pyrolysis gasifier 210 in the reaction section to maintain the heat required by the first spiral pyrolysis gasifier 210 in the reaction section; the second spiral pyrolysis gasifier 220 in the reaction section The remaining material after the reaction enters the third spiral pyrolysis gasifier 230 in the reaction section through the discharge port, and an appropriate amount of air is introduced into the gasification agent inlet of the third spiral pyrolysis gasifier 230 in the reaction section to lift the first gasifier in the reaction section. The reaction temperature of the three-spiral pyrolysis gasifier 230, and the gas discharged from the gas outlet of the first spiral pyrolysis gasifier 210 in the reaction section is sent to the gasification agent inlet of the third spiral pyrolysis gasifier 230 in the reaction section, and the reaction temperature is used. The high-temperature carbon layer in the third spiral pyrolysis gasifier 230 catalyzes the tar carried in the gas, and reacts with the water vapor in the gas to further consume the fixed carbon of the material, and finally obtain the gas with high calorific value and low tar and react with it. The gas outlet of the third spiral pyrolysis gasifier 230 in the reaction section is discharged from the system, and the remaining carbon residue is discharged from the system through the outlet of the third spiral pyrolysis gasifier 230 in the reaction section.