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A metal salt phosphate base electrolyte with high safety and high concentration in non-aqueous system

A technology of salt phosphate and phosphate, applied in the field of high-concentration metal salt phosphate-based electrolyte, can solve the problems of difficult to generate SEI film, reduce the flammability of electrolyte, and be difficult to achieve completely, and achieve excellent cycle stability and process. The parameters are easy to control and the equipment is simple

Inactive Publication Date: 2019-01-15
SHANDONG UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, in the application of lithium-ion batteries, organic phosphates have poor compatibility with graphite negative electrodes, and it is difficult to form SEI films.
Therefore, organic phosphate is only introduced as a flame retardant in the electrolyte, and it is difficult to fully meet the requirements of reducing the flammability of the electrolyte.

Method used

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  • A metal salt phosphate base electrolyte with high safety and high concentration in non-aqueous system
  • A metal salt phosphate base electrolyte with high safety and high concentration in non-aqueous system
  • A metal salt phosphate base electrolyte with high safety and high concentration in non-aqueous system

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Effect test

preparation example Construction

[0037] The preparation method of above-mentioned high-concentration phosphate-based electrolyte comprises the steps:

[0038] (1) Purify the organic solvent to remove impurities and remove water;

[0039] (2) In an argon-protected glove box, the conductive lithium salt is added to the solvent in the above (1);

[0040] (3) Stir for a period of time in an argon-protected glove box to obtain the electrolyte solution.

[0041] Purification in step (1) to remove impurities and remove water can be carried out by any one or Two or more are processed.

Embodiment 1

[0044] (1) Trimethyl phosphate (TMP) is first distilled and purified to remove impurities, and then lithium hydride is used to remove water;

[0045] (2) In an argon-protected glove box, add potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (KFSI) to the TMP in (1) above, so that the final concentration is 2.2mol / L, that is, a high concentration safe Phosphate-based electrolyte;

[0046] (3) Electrochemical performance test

[0047] Negative electrode: Spherical graphite is used as the active material, SP is the conductive agent and CMC is used as the binder, and the slurry is prepared according to the mass ratio of 8:1:1, and coated on the copper foil to make an electrode sheet. Potassium flakes, separators and spherical graphite pole pieces were assembled into a button battery for testing with a current density of 60mA g -1 .

Embodiment 2

[0049] (1) Distill and purify trimethyl phosphate (TMP) to remove impurities, and then add 4A molecular sieves to remove moisture and impurity alcohols in the solvent;

[0050] (2) In an argon-protected glove box, lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ) is added to the TMP in the above (1), so that the final concentration is 2.2mol / L, to obtain a high-concentration safe phosphate-based electrolyte;

[0051] (3) Electrochemical performance test

[0052] Negative electrode: Spherical graphite is used as the active material, SP is the conductive agent and CMC is used as the binder, and the slurry is prepared according to the mass ratio of 8:1:1, and coated on the copper foil to make an electrode sheet. Lithium sheet, separator and spherical graphite pole piece were assembled into a button battery for testing, and the current density was 60mA g -1 .

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Abstract

A metal salt phosphate base electrolyte with high safety and concentration in non-aqueous system includes metal salt and phosphate ester. When the electrolyte is applied to a lithium ion battery by adding a high concentration of metal salt, the high concentration electrolyte exhibits enhanced reduction / oxidation resistance, good chemical compatibility with the electrode and high non-combustibilityas compared with a conventional electrolyte. The invention uses high-concentration metal salt as solute and has the function of widening electrochemical window of electrolyte. Solute-derived inorganic SEI membranes were formed on the anode, which were compared with solvent-derived organic SEI membranes. Inorganic SEI membrane, inorganic SEI membrane has more excellent cycle stability; Compared with common carbonate electrolyte, high concentration metal salt electrolyte has good compatibility with graphite anode.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of battery industry, and in particular relates to a high-concentration metal salt phosphate-based electrolyte. Background technique [0002] Lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of high energy density, high working voltage, long cycle life, no memory effect, fast charging and discharging, etc., and have been widely used in portable electronic products such as mobile phones, notebook computers and small power-driven devices. At present, the electrolytes of lithium-ion batteries are mostly organic liquid electrolytes, which are composed of organic solvents and conductive lithium salts. Commonly used organic solvents are carbonate compounds, such as ethylene carbonate (EC), diethyl carbonate (DEC) and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC). However, due to the low flash point, high volatility and high flammability of these organic solvents, there are serious safety hazards in lithium-ion batteries. [0003] Aiming at this p...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M10/0566H01M10/0568H01M10/0567H01M10/0525
CPCH01M10/0525H01M10/0566H01M10/0567H01M10/0568Y02E60/10
Inventor 冯金奎曾桂芳
Owner SHANDONG UNIV
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