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Polyvinyl alcohol/chitin nanocrystal composition microporous foaming material

A chitin nanocrystal and microcellular foaming material technology, applied in the field of polymer microcellular foaming materials, can solve the problems of lower comprehensive mechanical properties than expected values, low carbon dioxide solubility, weak melt strength, etc. Cell nucleation rate, superior mechanical properties, and the effect of reducing free energy barriers

Inactive Publication Date: 2019-03-01
宁波致微新材料科技有限公司
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] However, in the supercritical carbon dioxide foaming process, polyvinyl alcohol is affected by factors such as inherent viscoelasticity, weak melt strength, low solubility of carbon dioxide and low nucleation efficiency, and it is difficult to obtain foams with high cell density and not easy to collapse.
At the same time, the polyvinyl alcohol foam prepared under relatively high pressure and temperature tends to collapse within a few hours, and its comprehensive properties such as mechanical properties of cell density are still lower than expected values

Method used

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  • Polyvinyl alcohol/chitin nanocrystal composition microporous foaming material
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  • Polyvinyl alcohol/chitin nanocrystal composition microporous foaming material

Examples

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preparation example Construction

[0017] The preparation method of isocyanate-based chitin nanocrystals can be as follows, using 500mL ethanol and 500mL distilled water as a mixed solvent, adding 2g of chitin nanocrystals to the above mixed solvent and ultrasonically dispersing it evenly, and then adding 1-10mL silane coupling solution and 5-30mL ammonia water, mechanically stirred at room temperature for 6-12 hours, then centrifuged the mixed solution, washed the obtained precipitate with distilled water and absolute ethanol for 3-5 times, and finally vacuum-dried the product at 60-80°C to obtain isocyanate chitin nanocrystals.

[0018] When the polyvinyl alcohol in the polyvinyl alcohol / chitin nanocrystal composition is 100 mass parts, the isocyanate-based chitin nanocrystal is 0.1-5.0 mass parts. As the content of isocyanate-based chitin nanocrystals increases, the free energy barrier for cell nucleation decreases, increasing the heterogeneous nucleation sites, increasing the cell nucleation rate, thereby i...

Embodiment 1

[0053] Using 500mL ethanol and 500mL distilled water as a mixed solvent, add 2g of chitin nanocrystals (average diameter 40nm, average length 800nm) to the above mixed solvent and ultrasonically disperse it evenly, then add 2.5mL 3-propyltriethylisocyanate Oxysilane and 10mL ammonia water were mechanically stirred at room temperature for 12 hours, and then the mixed solution was centrifuged, and the obtained precipitate was washed 5 times with distilled water and absolute ethanol, and finally the product was vacuum-dried at 60°C to obtain isocyanate-based chitin nanocrystals.

[0054] The plasticizer was obtained by mixing glycerin and pentylene glycol in a ratio of 1:1, and 1.0 g of isocyanate-based chitin nanocrystals were dispersed in 14 g of the plasticizer, stirred ultrasonically, and then 85 g of polyvinyl alcohol powder (PVA1799, The degree of alcoholysis is 99%, Hengrui Chemical Industry) was added thereinto, and stirred vigorously at 60° C. for 1 hour to obtain a polyv...

Embodiment 2

[0059] Obtain the plasticizer by mixing glycerin and pentylene glycol in a ratio of 1:1, disperse the isocyanate-based chitin nanocrystals prepared in Example 1 and 0.5 g of ruthenium nitrate in 14 g of the plasticizer, stir ultrasonically, and then Then, 85 g of polyvinyl alcohol powder (PVA1799, alcoholysis degree of 99%, Hengrui Chemical Industry) was added thereto, and vigorously stirred at 60° C. for 1 h to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol / chitin nanocrystal composition. A sheet of polyvinyl alcohol / chitin nanocrystalline composition with a thickness of 0.5 cm was obtained through a screw extruder.

[0060] The sheet polyvinyl alcohol / chitin nanocrystalline composition (4cm×4cm×0.5cm) is placed in a high-pressure mold, heated to a saturation temperature of 145°C, filled with supercritical carbon dioxide to a saturation pressure, and the saturation pressure is 14MPa, heat-preservation and pressure-holding, heat-preservation and pressure-holding for 60 minutes, and then pressure ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a polyvinyl alcohol / chitin nanocrystal composition microporous foaming material with good cell stability and not prone to collapse. The foaming material is prepared from a polyvinyl alcohol / chitin nanocrystal composition by a supercritical fluid foaming technique, wherein the composition comprises polyvinyl alcohol, isocyanate-based chitin nanocrystals, and plasticizer. Preferably, the composition comprises, by mass, 100 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.1 to 5.0 parts of isocyanate-based chitin nanocrystals, and 5 to 30 parts of plasticizer. Compared with a pure polyvinylalcohol foaming material, the polyvinyl alcohol / chitin nanocrystal composition microporous foaming material has the following advantages: the isocyanate-based chitin nanocrystals can reduce the freeenergy barrier of cell nucleation, provide a heterogeneous nucleation site for the foaming of polyvinyl alcohol, and increase the cell nucleation rate, cells are not prone to collapse during the foaming process, and the mechanical properties are superior than those of pure polyvinyl alcohol foam.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a polymer microporous foaming material, in particular to a polyvinyl alcohol / chitin nanocrystal composition microporous foaming material with good cell stability and low collapse. Background technique [0002] Polymer microcellular foaming material is a material with superior performance. It has the advantages of light weight, heat insulation, sound insulation, cushioning, high specific strength, and low price. Therefore, it is widely used in packaging, industry, agriculture, transportation, and military industries. , aerospace industry and other fields have been widely used. Commonly used polymer foams are mostly made of petroleum-based resins, such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and polyvinyl chloride. With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, biodegradable polymer foams are gaining more and more attention. Polyvinyl alcohol is an environmentally friendly material, with a large n...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C08L29/04C08L5/08C08K5/053C08J9/12
CPCC08J9/122C08J2203/06C08J2203/08C08J2329/04C08J2405/08C08K5/053
Inventor 闫海阔周武舜赵玲
Owner 宁波致微新材料科技有限公司
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