A method and device system for recovering nitric acid by nitrate pyrolysis

A nitrate and preheating device technology, which is applied in the direction of nitric acid, nitrogen oxides/oxo acids, sustainable manufacturing/processing, etc., can solve the problems of high energy consumption and poor efficiency of the device, and achieve avoiding direct contact and recycling High utilization rate and good decomposition reaction effect

Active Publication Date: 2020-09-01
MEISHAN SHUNYING POWER BATTERY MATERIALS CO LTD
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the limitations of corrosiveness and volatility in the recovery of nitric acid in the prior art, and the defects of high energy consumption and poor efficiency of existing nitric acid recovery method devices, and to provide a pyrolytic recovery of nitrate Nitric acid method and device system

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  • A method and device system for recovering nitric acid by nitrate pyrolysis

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0045] Nitrate pyrolysis to recover nitric acid

[0046] The crystalline nitrate is heated using a two-stage preheating device. The crystalline nitrate is first heated to about 170°C in the first stage preheating device and converted into liquefied nitrate. Then it is transported to the second-stage preheating device and heated to about 330°C, which is 500°C lower than the decomposition temperature, to obtain a nitrate thermal fluid with a temperature of about 330°C. The nitrate hot fluid is transported to the decomposer and heated with high-temperature gas (temperature 550-800℃), and the internal temperature of the decomposer is maintained at 500-800℃, so that the nitrate decomposes to produce mixed gas and solid powder. Separate the mixed gas from the solid powder, part of the mixed gas is transported to the nitric acid recovery tank to be absorbed by water and converted into nitric acid, and the other part of the mixed gas is heated to 500-800°C, and then returned to the deco...

Embodiment 2

[0048] Nitrate pyrolysis to recover nitric acid

[0049] According to the thermal decomposition characteristics of nitrate: firstly, heat the nitrate once, raise the temperature to 150~200℃ and keep the temperature to convert the nitrate into a liquid state. Then, the liquid nitrate is pumped into the secondary heating tank through the transfer pump, and the nitrate temperature reaches 250~350℃ to obtain the nitrate thermal fluid.

[0050] The nitrate thermal fluid (liquid) is pumped into the nitrate decomposer. At the inlet of the pump into the decomposer, there is a liquid mist distributor, so that the pumped nitrate liquid is distributed in mist. The internal temperature of the decomposer is controlled to be maintained between 500 and 800 ℃, and the pumped nitrate liquid is decomposed into nitrogen dioxide, oxygen and oxides. Oxide powder is deposited on the bottom of the decomposer. There is a sealed valve at the bottom of the decomposer. After the oxide powder is accumulated...

Embodiment 3

[0063] The device system for nitrate pyrolysis and recovery of nitric acid includes heating tank, decomposer, dust collector, heater, heat exchanger, and nitric acid recovery tank. The heating tank is used for heating and melting the nitrate to obtain the nitrate hot fluid. The decomposer is used to receive the nitrate thermal fluid melted by the heating tank and the mixed gas heated by the heater; the nitrate is thermally decomposed inside the decomposer to generate oxides and mixed gas. The dust collector is used to receive the decomposed mixed gas discharged from the decomposer, and separate dust entrained in the mixed gas. The heater is used to receive the dust-separated mixed gas discharged from the dust collector, heat the mixed gas and deliver it to the feed inlet of the decomposer as a heat source. The heat exchanger is used to receive the dust-separated mixed gas discharged from the dust collector, cool and transport it to the nitric acid recovery tank.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for recovering nitric acid by pyrolyzing nitrate. The method comprises the following steps: (1) conveying the nitrate into at least two preheaters, heating the nitrateto firstly liquefy the nitrate, and then heating the nitrate to a temperature less than decomposition temperature in order to obtain a nitrate hot fluid; (2) conveying the nitrate hot fluid into a decomposer, and heating the nitrate hot fluid with a high temperature gas to maintain the internal temperature of the decomposer at 500-800 DEG C in order to decompose the nitrate into a mixed gas and asolid powder; and (3) separating mixed gas and the solid powder, conveying a part of the mixed gas into a nitric acid recovery tank, heating the remaining mixed gas to 500-800 DEG C, and then returning the heated remaining mixed gas into the decomposer to heat the nitrate hot fluid in order to thermally decompose the nitrate hot fluid. The method for recovering nitric acid has the advantages of less corrosion damages to devices, no introduction of other impurity components and no interference in the heating process, good decomposition speed and decomposition rate of the nitrate, and high recycling rate of the nitric acid.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for recovering nitric acid from nitrate and corresponding chemical reaction equipment, in particular to a method and device system for recovering nitric acid from nitrate pyrolysis, and belongs to the technical field of inorganic chemical industry. Background technique [0002] Nitric acid is a strong acid with strong oxidizing and corrosive properties. It is a strong monobasic inorganic acid. It is one of the six strong inorganic acids. It is also an important chemical raw material. It can be used to make fertilizers, pesticides, explosives, dyes, and salt in industry. Class etc. [0003] Due to the presence of protons in nitric acid, nitrate has a certain degree of oxidation, and this oxidation will increase as the concentration of protons increases. Therefore, in the hydrometallurgical industry, certain special raw materials will use nitric acid as a solvent, combining the acidity and oxidizing properties of the nitric ac...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01B21/40C01B21/42C01B21/36C01B13/18
CPCY02P20/10
Inventor 王成彦赵林但勇赵澎马保中陈永强金长浩刘伟
Owner MEISHAN SHUNYING POWER BATTERY MATERIALS CO LTD
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