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Direct methanol fuel cell capable of improving utilization rates of catalysts and preparation method thereof

A methanol fuel cell, utilization rate technology, applied in fuel cells, battery electrodes, circuits, etc., can solve problems such as catalyst inoperability, proton inability to transfer, battery performance degradation, etc., and achieve the effect of high catalyst utilization rate

Active Publication Date: 2019-11-26
JIANGSU UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] Most of the current work focuses on the modification of catalyst support or catalyst layer structure, but the problem of battery performance degradation caused by catalyst sinking caused by assembly pressure, methanol flow, gas flow remains to be solved
When the battery runs for a period of time, some catalysts cannot Ion polymer contacts, so that the protons cannot be transferred, and the catalyst cannot work, so the electrode has a large electrochemical reaction resistance, resulting in a decline in battery performance

Method used

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  • Direct methanol fuel cell capable of improving utilization rates of catalysts and preparation method thereof
  • Direct methanol fuel cell capable of improving utilization rates of catalysts and preparation method thereof
  • Direct methanol fuel cell capable of improving utilization rates of catalysts and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0059] press figure 2 The shown process and process are used to prepare direct methanol fuel cell electrodes and membrane electrodes with improved catalyst utilization, and conduct discharge tests. The main steps are as follows:

[0060] (1) Preparation of electrodes

[0061] A carbon paper containing polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is used as a diffusion layer, and a microporous layer 2 containing PTFE is coated on the hydrophobic diffusion layer, wherein the content of PTFE is 15 wt.%. The outer microporous layer is coated with a microporous layer 3 containing Nafion, in which the Nafion content is 30 wt.%. Prepare the catalyst slurry in an appropriate ratio and use isopropanol as the solvent. Pt Ru / C is used as a catalyst on the anode side, and Pt / C is used as a catalyst on the cathode side. The catalyst slurry is sprayed on the microporous layer 3 containing Nafion to form a catalyst layer.

[0062] (2) Treatment of proton exchange membrane

[0063] Place the membrane in 5wt.% H...

Embodiment 2

[0069] The direct methanol fuel cell membrane electrode of the catalyst utilization rate of the present invention is tested under the conditions of high concentration of methanol and dry oxygen. First, the double microporous layer electrode was prepared according to the same procedure as in Example 1.

[0070] The obtained membrane electrode assembly and the sealing gas cushion were assembled in a single cell for testing. The test conditions were as follows: battery operating temperature 60℃, normal pressure, anode fuel 2M methanol (flow rate 3ml min -1 ), the cathode inlet is dry oxygen (flow rate is 199ml min -1 ). Limit current density up to 500.21mA cm -2 , The maximum power density reaches 76.29mW cm -2 Compared with Comparative Example 2, Example 2 is increased by 41.01%.

Embodiment 3

[0072] The direct methanol fuel cell membrane electrode of the catalyst utilization rate of the present invention is tested under the conditions of low concentration of methanol and humidified oxygen. First, the double microporous layer electrode was prepared according to the same procedure as in Example 1.

[0073] The obtained membrane electrode assembly and the sealing gas cushion were assembled in a single cell for testing. The test conditions were as follows: the battery operating temperature was 60℃, normal pressure, and the anode fuel was 0.5M methanol (flow rate is 3ml min -1 ), the cathode intake is humidified oxygen (relative humidity is 60%, flow rate is 199ml min -1 ). Limit current density up to 135.05mA cm -2 , The maximum power density reaches 29.12mW cm -2 Compared with Comparative Example 3, Example 3 is improved by 97.38%.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a direct methanol fuel cell capable of improving utilization rates of catalysts and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of fuel cells. In a fuel cell membrane electrode prepared through the method, a microporous layer is of a double-layer structure, and comprises an outer microporous layer which contains a hydrophobic polymer and an inner microporous layer which contains a polymer having a proton conduction ability. The double-microporous layer structure has a high three-phase reaction interface and a high electrochemical reaction area and is capable of effectively reducing the material transfer resistance in the electrode and powerfully improving the utilization rates of the catalysts, so as to improve the discharge performance of the electrode and prolong the life of the cell. Through single-cell performance test, the membrane electrode prepared by the preparation method has the advantage that the monomer performance is remarkablyenhanced when being compared with the membrane electrodes prepared by the traditional method.

Description

Technical field [0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a direct methanol fuel cell membrane electrode capable of improving catalyst utilization and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is a power generation device that can continuously and directly convert the chemical energy in fuel and oxidant into electrical energy. Due to its environmental protection and high efficiency, it has attracted widespread attention all over the world. Methanol fuel cells directly use methanol or methanol aqueous solution as anode fuel, and oxygen or air as oxidant. Because of its wide methanol sources, easy to carry, convenient storage and replenishment, high volume and mass specific energy, simple structure, no need for external reforming equipment, etc., it has a wide range of portable power supplies, small civilian power supplies, and automotive power supplies. Application prospects. [00...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M8/1004H01M4/88
CPCH01M4/8807H01M4/8828H01M4/8875H01M4/8882H01M8/1004Y02E60/50
Inventor 徐谦孙巍马强张玮琦苏华能
Owner JIANGSU UNIV
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