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Biochar prepared from facility agriculture wastes, preparation method of biochar, soilless culture substrate and application of soilless culture substrate

A soilless culture substrate and a technology for facility agriculture, which are applied in the fields of biochar and its preparation, and vegetable soilless culture substrates, can solve problems such as difficult disposal of agricultural wastes.

Inactive Publication Date: 2020-04-14
QINGDAO ACAD OF AGRI SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide biochar prepared from facility agricultural waste and a preparation method thereof, the biochar has rich nutrient content and excellent physical and chemical properties, solves the problem that agricultural waste is difficult to handle, and at the same time It also provides part of the source of raw materials for the soilless culture substrate

Method used

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  • Biochar prepared from facility agriculture wastes, preparation method of biochar, soilless culture substrate and application of soilless culture substrate
  • Biochar prepared from facility agriculture wastes, preparation method of biochar, soilless culture substrate and application of soilless culture substrate
  • Biochar prepared from facility agriculture wastes, preparation method of biochar, soilless culture substrate and application of soilless culture substrate

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preparation example Construction

[0027] The invention provides the biochar prepared by the preparation method, including the following nutrients:

[0028] Available nitrogen 154.0mg / kg, available phosphorus 1240.0mg / kg, available potassium 19.00g / kg, organic matter 66.89g / kg, salt 28.88g / kg, the mass percentage concentration of total nitrogen is 2.37%, the mass percentage of total phosphorus The concentration is 1.72% and the mass percent concentration of total potassium is 4.1%, and the pH value is 9.23.

[0029] The invention provides a vegetable soilless cultivation substrate, which comprises the biochar and the soilless cultivation substrate; the mass ratio of the biochar to the soilless cultivation substrate is 1-3:100. The soilless cultivation substrate includes peat: vermiculite: perlite. The peat: the volume ratio of vermiculite and perlite is 3:1:1. In the present invention, there is no special limitation on the source of the soilless cultivation substrate, and the source of the soilless cultivatio...

Embodiment 1

[0035] Preparation method of biochar

[0036] Agricultural wastes such as tomato stalks, wheat stalks, peanut husks, rice husks, and garden trees are cracked at 300°C to 500°C for 3 to 4 hours under anaerobic conditions. For nutrient content and physical and chemical properties, the detection method refers to the soil sample analysis method. Available nitrogen is determined by alkaline solution diffusion method; available potassium and total potassium are determined by flame photometry; available phosphorus is determined by Olsen-molybdenum antimony anti-colorimetric method; The total nitrogen was determined by the semi-micro Kjeldahl method; the total phosphorus was determined by H 2 SO 4 -HClO 4 After digestion, the molybdenum-antimony anti-colorimetric method was used to measure; the pH value was measured by a pH meter after dilution with water: carbon ratio of 5:1; the total water-soluble salt content was determined by the residue drying-mass method. The results are sho...

Embodiment 2

[0041] Add the tomato stalk biochar prepared in Example 1 to the soilless culture substrate to increase the yield of cucumber

[0042] 1. The experiment adopts a randomized block design, with 3 treatments, and each treatment is repeated 3 times. Tomato stalk biochar was added to the commercial soilless culture substrate according to the mass ratio of 0% (B0), 3% (B3) and 5% (B5) (the volume ratio of peat: vermiculite: perlite was 3:1 : 1), fully mixed, put into soilless cultivation pots (cultivation pot length * width * height=76cm * 42cm * 27cm, every pot dresses cultivation substrate 10kg) for subsequent use.

[0043]2. The South China type cucumber variety 'Yulong' is transplanted when it has 3-4 true leaves. The substrate is watered thoroughly 2 days before planting, 2 plants are planted in each pot, 16 plants are planted in each treatment, and the planting water is poured once after planting. After planting, the management is carried out according to the conventional soi...

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Abstract

The invention provides a biochar prepared from facility agriculture wastes, a preparation method of the biochar, a soilless culture substrate and application of the soilless culture substrate, and belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation. The method for preparing the biochar from facility agriculture wastes comprises the following steps that the facility agriculture wastes are crushed and are then subjected to cracking for 3 to 4 h at 300 DEG C to 500 DEG C under the oxygen-free condition; and obtained cracking products are crushed to obtain the biochar. The prepared biochar containsrich porous structures and nutritional ingredients including rapidly available potassium, rapidly available phosphorus, rapidly available nitrogen, organic matters and salts; and the pH is alkaline,so that sufficient ventilation pores and nutrients are provided for crop growth. The invention also provides a vegetable soilless culture substrate containing the biochar. Compared with an existing soilless culture substrate, the vegetable soilless culture substrate provided by the invention has the advantages that the cucumber yield can be stably improved; the cyclic utilization of facility agriculture production wastes such as straws can also be realized; and carbon sequestration, emission reduction and green development are promoted.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular relates to biochar prepared from facility agricultural waste, a preparation method thereof, a vegetable soilless cultivation substrate and an application thereof. Background technique [0002] Facility vegetable production occupies an important position in my country's facility production, among which the cultivation area of ​​tomato and cucumber ranks first and second respectively. However, the treatment of facility agricultural waste and tailings in production has always been a difficult problem in facility production. At present, the treatment methods of these wastes mainly include centralized composting, crushing and returning to the field, treating them as garbage, and incineration, etc. The composting process takes a long time and occupies a certain amount of land space, so it is difficult to promote in production. However, crushing and returning to the field wil...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01G24/10A01G31/00C01B32/05
CPCA01G31/00A01G24/10C01B32/05Y02P60/21
Inventor 张功臣万述伟赵爱鸿张守才李磊秦玉红王波江志训王珍青刘玲李海宁
Owner QINGDAO ACAD OF AGRI SCI
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