Non-aqueous electrolyte and lithium ion battery

Abstract

The invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte, and especially relates to the non-aqueous electrolyte and a lithium ion battery. The non-aqueous electrolyte comprises the following components: anorganic solvent, lithium salt and an additive. The additive comprises a compound with a structure shown in a formula 1, and in the formula 1, R1, R2, R3 or R4 is one of halogen, a nitrile group, hydrogen and alkyl. The lithium ion battery comprises the non-aqueous electrolyte, a positive plate and a diaphragm for isolating the positive plate from a negative plate. The non-aqueous electrolyte disclosed by the invention can reduce a gas production rate in a battery formation process, effectively improves cycle performance of the battery, and especially can obviously improve high-temperature cycle performance of the battery.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a nonaqueous electrolytic solution, in particular to a nonaqueous electrolytic solution and a lithium ion battery. Background technique [0002] Lithium-ion batteries have the characteristics of high specific energy, good cycle performance, low self-discharge and environmental protection, and have been widely used in mobile phones, notebook computers, electric toys and other fields. New energy vehicles are known as the direction of a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, and power lithium-ion batteries are the core of new energy vehicles. The power ion battery industry has developed rapidly with the encouragement and support of national policies. According to Yahua Consulting, the installed capacity of domestic power lithium-ion batteries reached 12.3GWh in the first three months of 2019. With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, there are also phenomena such as rapid power battery capa...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Due to the high specific capacity of the positive and negative electrodes and the low porosity of the electrodes in high-energy lithium-ion batteries, the liquid retention inside the porous electrodes is low

During the charging and discharging process of the battery, there are often irreversible side reactions at the interface between the electrode and the electrolyte, resulting in the consumption of the electrolyte.

The side reaction is accelerated at high temperature, and the electrolyte consumption is accelerated

When the electrolyte inside the battery electrode is insufficient, it will cause the battery capacity to decay rapidly, resulting in insufficient battery life.

When the electrolyte is seriously consumed, lithium will be precipitated on the surface of the negative electrode, causing safety accidents

[0004] Some reports add sulfonic acid benzoic anhydride in the electrolyte to further improve the chemical stability of the electrolyte, but they add boron and nitrile in the electrolyte for the positive electrode, which cannot reduce the formation process of the battery Gas production in

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