A biomass gasifier

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass gasification furnace, which comprises a gasification furnace body. The gasification furnace body is sequentially arranged with an ash tray, a pressurized furnace body, an atmospheric pressure furnace body, and a dry distillation section from bottom to top; the furnace is filled with biomass waste derived fuel (RDF), and the furnace from bottom to top is Ash layer, fixed charcoal combustion layer, gasification layer, dry distillation layer; above the dry distillation section, that is, the top surface of the gasification furnace, a tar pipe and a feeding pipe are arranged respectively, and one end of the tar pipe extends vertically into the gasification furnace and is connected with a thermocouple , the other end of the tar pipe leads to the tar pool. The tar produced by RDF gasification can be fully utilized by returning to the furnace for pyrolysis gasification or combustion. Since the tar is fully utilized, the concentration and calorific value of the combustible gas can be increased during the working process of the biomass gasifier or the tar is burned to increase and maintain Fixed charcoal combustion layer temperature. RDF has a higher combustion utilization rate, and is economical and environmentally friendly.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a gasification furnace, in particular to a biomass gasification furnace. Background technique [0002] Biomass waste includes municipal solid waste, urban sludge, agricultural and forestry waste, medical waste, industrial organic waste, etc., and its equivalent is more than 8 times the energy used by all human beings. The above wastes are crushed-air separation-magnetic separation-screening-crushing to a certain size, and then add biothermal deodorant (the core technology of this additive is to improve the pyrolysis performance of biomass waste), fully Stirring and pressing into a biomass-derived fuel rod RDF (abbreviation for Refuse Derived Fuel), the RDF has high calorific value, stable calorific value, complete pyrolysis and gasification, stable combustion, easy transportation, easy storage, no secondary pollution, It has the characteristics of no odor, low inorganic content, and ultra-low emission of dioxins after gasifica...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] The tar, fly ash, and phenolic water produced during the biomass gasification process are easy to coke and block the pipeline, and the heavy metals contained in them are harmful substances, which have always been a major headache for gasification and incineration technology

[0007] The existing biomass gasification furnace lacks effective means to return the tar produced in the gasification process of garbage and other biomass wastes to the furnace for regasification; a small part of fly ash and phenol water, The tar is mixed together and it is difficult to separate; the separated phenol water contains heavy metals, which must be softened by chemical means to be reused, which requires a large investment and high cost; the temperature at the center of the fixed carbon combustion layer is relatively high, which is easy to cause excessive combustion and local burn-through , causing the RDF fuel to be burned without complete gasification, and the output of combustible gas will be reduced. The furnace grate needs to be replaced as a whole, and the cost is very high; due to the existence of factors such as the small cross-sectional area of ​​the ash discharge channel and uneven air volume, the thermal ignition loss rate of the ash slag has not been reduced, and the physical and chemical stability of the ash slag needs to be improved; The yield is around 8%-12%, which needs to be improved

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