Fire extinguishing diaphragm capable of actively inhibiting thermal runaway of lithium battery as well as preparation method and application of fire extinguishing diaphragm

An active suppression, lithium battery technology, applied in the direction of secondary batteries, battery pack components, separators/films/diaphragms/spacers, etc., can solve the problem of poor heat resistance of the diaphragm, unstable microcapsules, and unfavorable lithium ion migration And other issues

Active Publication Date: 2021-07-30
HUAZHONG UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the composition of the composite separator is relatively complex, and the gap between the microcapsules will be smaller through the action of the binder, and the distribution of the microcapsules on the separator will be uneven, which is not conducive to the migration of lithium ions, which will lead to a decrease in the original performance of the separator. Insufficient; and the microcapsules are unstable, which will lead to the defect of poor heat resistance of the diaphragm

Method used

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  • Fire extinguishing diaphragm capable of actively inhibiting thermal runaway of lithium battery as well as preparation method and application of fire extinguishing diaphragm
  • Fire extinguishing diaphragm capable of actively inhibiting thermal runaway of lithium battery as well as preparation method and application of fire extinguishing diaphragm
  • Fire extinguishing diaphragm capable of actively inhibiting thermal runaway of lithium battery as well as preparation method and application of fire extinguishing diaphragm

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

preparation example Construction

[0040] The invention provides a method for actively suppressing the thermal runaway fire extinguishing diaphragm of a lithium battery, comprising the following steps:

[0041] S1, using a liquid fire extinguishing agent or a liquid coolant as a core material and an organic phase change material as a wall material to prepare a microcapsule fire extinguishing agent;

[0042] S2, adding the diaphragm matrix material into the formaldehyde solution, heating to 80-90°C and stirring, and after the diaphragm matrix material is fully dissolved, the solution casting method is used to spread the film; before the film is almost completely solidified into the diaphragm matrix, The microcapsule fire extinguishing agent is directly and evenly laid on the surface of the film that has not been fully cured and formed. After the film is completely cured and formed, the microcapsule fire extinguishing agent is evenly and tightly fixed and loaded on the surface of the diaphragm matrix, and the prep...

Embodiment 1

[0050] see figure 1 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a method for actively suppressing the thermal runaway fire extinguishing diaphragm of a lithium battery, comprising the following steps:

[0051] S1, using liquid fire extinguishing agent or liquid coolant as core material and organic phase change material as wall material to prepare microcapsule fire extinguishing agent, the specific process is as follows:

[0052] a. Synthesis of wall material prepolymer:

[0053] Add 5.68g of formaldehyde solution and 37.5g of deionized water into the three-necked flask, dropwise add triethylamine solution with a mass fraction of 10%, adjust the pH value to 8.5-9.0, and then add 1.2g of urea and 1.26g of melamine. Next, heat the three-neck flask in a water bath, raise it to 70°C, stir for 1 hour, then stir at a speed of 350r / min, and continue the reaction for 20 minutes after the mixed solution is clarified to obtain a MUF prepolymer with a concentration of 10wt%....

Embodiment 2-4

[0066] The difference from Example 1 lies in that: the setting of process parameters is different, as shown in the following table, and other steps are the same as in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0067]

[0068] Combining the above table for analysis, the impact of the type of core material and shell material and the ratio of the two on the performance of the fire extinguishing diaphragm is: the material properties of the core material determine its fire extinguishing and cooling ability; the type of shell material determines the stability and rupture of the microcapsules The lower limit of the temperature at which the fire extinguishing agent is released; the ratio of the two affects the coating rate of the microcapsules, thereby determining the heat resistance of the diaphragm.

[0069] The impact of the diaphragm matrix material and the ratio between the diaphragm matrix and the microcapsules on the performance of the fire extinguishing diaphragm is: the di...

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Abstract

The invention provides a fire extinguishing diaphragm capable of actively inhibiting thermal runaway of a lithium battery as well as a preparation method and application of the fire extinguishing diaphragm. The fire extinguishing diaphragm capable of actively inhibiting thermal runaway of a lithium battery comprises a diaphragm substrate and a micro-capsule fire extinguishing agent which is uniformly loaded on one surface or two surfaces of the diaphragm substrate. According to the preparation method, the micro-capsule fire extinguishing agent of a core-shell structure is formed with an organic or inorganic phase change material as a shell material and a liquid fire extinguishing agent or a cooling agent as a core material, and meanwhile, the micro-capsule fire extinguishing agent is directly loaded on the two surfaces of the diaphragm substrate. The precedent that the fire extinguishing agent is directly applied to the interior of a battery is created. Therefore, the thermal stability of the diaphragm material is greatly improved while the electrochemical performance of the diaphragm is ensured. The fire extinguishing diaphragm capable of actively inhibiting thermal runaway of a lithium battery has a huge application prospect in the field of lithium ion battery diaphragm materials, and is beneficial to promoting large-scale popularization and application of the lithium ion battery.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of lithium battery diaphragms, in particular to a diaphragm for actively suppressing thermal runaway of lithium batteries and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] At present, lithium-ion batteries are the most promising and most successful technology that can replace fossil energy and become the next generation of energy storage technology. Now, the application range of lithium batteries involves all aspects of human life, such as mobile phones, notebooks, earphones, electric bicycles, electric vehicles, and electric public transportation. While improving people's lives, the wide application of lithium batteries can also alleviate environmental problems. At present, the country is vigorously supporting the new energy industry, especially the power battery pack used in electric vehicles or electric vehicles, and has formulated a series of goals to promote...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M50/409H01M50/403H01M10/0525A62C3/16
CPCH01M10/0525A62C3/16Y02E60/10
Inventor 曹元成张炜鑫颜涛程时杰
Owner HUAZHONG UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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