An air-cooled metal bipolar plate proton exchange membrane fuel cell with preheating function

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and specifically discloses an air-cooled metal bipolar plate proton exchange membrane fuel cell with a preheating function, which includes a stack, a resistor and a power supply device, wherein: the stack includes multiple A stacked metal bipolar plate, using the back cavity of the anode channel in the metal bipolar plate as an installation groove; the resistor is embedded and installed in the installation groove, and an insulating layer is coated on the resistor; The power supply device is connected with the resistance and is used for supplying power to the resistance. The invention builds a resistor in the cavity under the bank of the anode flow channel of the metal bipolar plate, and preheats the fuel cell at a low temperature by generating Joule heat by energizing the resistor, so as to realize rapid and uniform heating and preheating of the stack without changing the structure of the bipolar plate , does not block the cathode and anode flow channels, improves the thermal balance of the battery during cold start without affecting the performance of the battery, and realizes the cold start of the battery at low temperature.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and more specifically relates to an air-cooled metal bipolar plate proton exchange membrane fuel cell with a preheating function. Background technique [0002] Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is an efficient and clean energy conversion device, which has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, clean and pollution-free, and noiseless operation. It is widely used in new energy vehicles, portable power supplies, fixed power stations and aviation power generation, etc. Many fields. Among them, the air-cooled metal bipolar plate fuel cell simplifies the cooling, air supply and humidification systems of traditional fuel cells, and greatly reduces the weight of the system, making it a great potential for application in portable mobile power. However, the ability to start at low temperature is still one of the main obstacles restricting its commercial application. When the amb...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The existing low-temperature cold start methods mainly include heating the stack from the inside through an auxiliary heating device, blowing hot air into the cathode to preheat the stack, water-cooled fuel cell stacks plus a circulating water heating system, etc. If the battery temperature is lower than its optimum temperature, the thermoelectric battery is driven by the battery to heat the battery to realize the sub-heating of the fuel cell. However, this system requires an additional thermoelectric battery and needs to open a groove on the bipolar plate to install the thermoelectric battery. It is necessary to change the bipolar Due to the structure of the plate itself, the bipolar plate may be deformed due to uneven force during operation; the patent CN111129540A proposes a slow fuel cell low-temperature cold start box to achieve uniform heating, and a resistance plate is installed on the box. The plate generates heat to heat the end plate of the fuel cell to realize the preheating of the battery in a low temperature environment. This method heats the end plate and transfers the heat to the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode through heat conduction. The uniformity of the preheating temperature rise is poor, and the additional parts are bulky; Patent CN106784922A proposes to insert aluminum sheets at both ends of the graphite bipolar plate, and direct current heating through the aluminum sheet. Large heat capacity, large current required for heating, long heating time

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