Method for immediately eliminating carbon monoxide poisoning of metal catalyst in heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for immediately eliminating carbon monoxide poisoning of a metal catalyst in heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation, which comprises the following steps: when a heterogeneous hydrogenation reaction is catalyzed by using the metal catalyst in a gas or liquid flow dynamic environment, carbon monoxide poisoning of the metal catalyst can be eliminated or prevented by introducing a small amount of oxidizing gas into a reaction system. According to the method provided by the invention, after a trace amount of oxygen or oxidizing gas is doped into a reaction atmosphere, carbon monoxide adsorbed on the surface of the catalyst can be preferentially oxidized to generate carbon dioxide and is quickly desorbed, and poisoned active sites are released, so that the catalytic hydrogenation capacity of the catalyst is recovered. The method provided by the invention is applied to unsaturated aldehyde or ketone selective hydrogenation reaction, ester catalytic selective hydrogenation reaction and lignin oxygen-containing compound hydrogenolysis reaction. The method not only improves the catalytic activity and selectivity, but also improves the stability and service life of the catalyst. In addition, the method also has the advantages of simple operation and good repeatability.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of catalyst application, and in particular relates to a method and application for instantly eliminating carbon monoxide poisoning of metal catalysts in situ in heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation. Background technique [0002] Catalytic reaction processes are important processes in modern industry and are key steps in the production of clean fuels and advanced chemicals. In some catalytic hydrogenation industrial processes, although the use of crude hydrogen as a hydrogen source has the characteristics of simple industrial equipment and higher economic efficiency, a small amount of carbon monoxide (from tens to thousands of ppm) will cause the hydrogenation metal catalyst to deactivate, because there is a strong interaction between carbon monoxide and the metal active center, which quickly occupies the catalytic active site during the catalytic reaction, so that the reactant molecules cannot be adsorbed o...

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Problems solved by technology

In some catalytic hydrogenation industrial processes, although the use of crude hydrogen as a hydrogen source has the characteristics of simple industrial equipment and higher economic efficiency, a small amount of carbon monoxide (from tens to thousands of ppm) will cause the hydrogenation metal catalyst to deactivate, because there is a strong interaction between carbon monoxide and the metal active center, which quickly occupies the catalytic active site during the catalytic reaction, so that the reactant molecules cannot be adsorbed on the surface of the catalyst. Inactivation by poisoning (B.Campo, C.Petit, A.María, Hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde on different Au / CeO 2 catalysts.[J].J.Catal.,2008,254(1):71-78; A.Waghray,D.G.Blackmond,Infraredspectros carbon monoxide pic studies of the absorption and reaction of 3-methyl-2-butenal over alkali-promoted Ru / SiO 2 catalysts.[J].J.Phys.Chem.,1993,97(22):6002-6006.)

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