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Method for constructing ultralight polyurethane aerogel fibers through polymer nanofibers

A technology of airgel fibers and nanofibers, which is applied in the direction of conjugated synthetic polymer artificial filaments, chemical post-treatment of synthetic polymer artificial filaments, wet spinning, etc., which can solve performance and application effects, uneven macropores Or sheet structure and other problems, to achieve the effect of easy industrial production, efficient and fast dissolution, and good warmth retention

Active Publication Date: 2021-11-30
WUHAN TEXTILE UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Although the polyurethane fiber prepared by wet spinning technology has good elasticity, due to the rapid exchange of solvent in the coagulation bath, it is easy to form an uneven macroporous or sheet structure, which affects its performance and application.

Method used

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  • Method for constructing ultralight polyurethane aerogel fibers through polymer nanofibers
  • Method for constructing ultralight polyurethane aerogel fibers through polymer nanofibers
  • Method for constructing ultralight polyurethane aerogel fibers through polymer nanofibers

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preparation example Construction

[0044] The preparation method of the present invention has a continuous spinning process, which is simple and easy to implement, easy to control, low in cost, environmentally friendly, and convenient for industrial production; and the prepared product has good performance and can be applied to personal heat management materials, reducing energy consumption. important role in wastage.

[0045] In particular, the present invention increases the specific surface area inside the polyurethane fiber by preparing polyurethane airgel fibers added with polymer nanofibers, forms a uniform and dense porous structure inside the polyurethane airgel fiber, and utilizes this structure to realize internal cavity retention Air, so that it contains a large amount of still air, and the uniform and dense structure makes the air flow small, which is not conducive to the exchange with the outside air, and has good warmth retention, which is beneficial to the textiles made to have better heat preserv...

Embodiment 1

[0047] This embodiment provides a method for constructing ultra-light polyurethane airgel fibers through polymer nanofibers, and preparing polyurethane airgel fibers with a diameter of 400 ± 20 μm, including the following steps:

[0048] (1) Weigh 5 g of polyurethane slices and add them to 100 mL of dimethylacetamide, heat to 60 ° C and mechanically stir until the high polymer is completely dissolved to obtain a polyurethane solution with a mass fraction of polyurethane of 5%;

[0049] (2) Add polyvinyl alcohol-ethylene copolymer nanofibers to the alcohol solution to disperse, use a high-speed beater to shear, the shearing speed is 15000r / min, and the time is 10min to obtain a suspension of polymer nanofibers;

[0050] (3) centrifuging and drying the polyvinyl alcohol-ethylene copolymer nanofiber suspension obtained in step (2), the centrifugal speed is 10000r / min, and the obtained fiber diameter is 300nm, and the aspect ratio is a polymer nanofiber powder of 180;

[0051] (4)...

Embodiment 2-5

[0059] A kind of method that embodiment 2-5 provides to construct ultralight polyurethane airgel fiber by polymer nanofiber, compare with embodiment 1, the polyurethane solution concentration that makes in its step (1) is different, embodiment 2- The mass fractions of the polyurethane of 5 in the polyurethane solution are 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%, respectively, and the others are roughly the same as those in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0060] see Figure 4-Figure 7 Shown is the electron micrograph of the cross-section of the polyurethane airgel fiber added with polymer nanofibers prepared in Examples 2-5. It can be seen from the figure that when the mass fraction of polyurethane in the polyurethane solution is 10%, that is, when the mass ratio of polymer nanofiber powder to polyurethane is 1:2, the internal structure of the prepared polyurethane airgel fiber is the most uniform and dense. , and more micropores; as the mass fraction of polyurethane in the polyure...

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Abstract

The invention provides a method for constructing ultralight polyurethane aerogel fibers through polymer nanofibers. The method comprises the following steps of adding the polymer nanofibers into a polyurethane solution, regulating and controlling fiber solidification forming in a wet spinning process, and freeze-drying to obtain the ultralight, high-elastic and porous polyurethane aerogel fibers. According to the method for constructing the ultralight polyurethane aerogel fibers through the polymer nanofibers provided by the invention, by adding the polymer nanofibers, a uniform and compact porous structure is formed in the polyurethane aerogel fibers, the structure can realize that air is retained in an internal cavity, the static air content is large, the ventilation capacity is small, and the polyurethane aerogel fibers are not easy to exchange with external air, so that a prepared textile fabric has a better warm-keeping effect and can be applied to personal thermal management, and energy waste is reduced. Due to the increase of the internal porous structure and the specific surface area of the polyurethane aerogel fibers, the fibers are light in weight, so that potential application is provided for comfort and lightness and thinness of the fibers; and the method has a continuous spinning process, is simple and easy to implement, easy to regulate and control, relatively low in cost, green and environment-friendly, and is convenient for industrial production.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of polyurethane airgel fibers, in particular to a method for constructing ultralight polyurethane airgel fibers through polymer nanofibers. Background technique [0002] Since the 21st century, polyurethane and its synthetic fibers have been widely used in clothing, textiles, biomedical materials and other fields due to their high strength, low modulus, high resilience and high elongation at break. Polyurethane fiber has high elasticity because its polymer chain is composed of a low melting point, amorphous "soft" segment as the matrix and a high melting point, crystalline "hard" segment embedded in it. The molecular chains of the flexible segment form a certain network structure with a certain cross-linking. Due to the small interaction force between the molecular chains, they can freely expand and contract, resulting in large elongation performance. The molecular chain binding force of the rigid segment i...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): D01F8/16D01F8/10D01F8/06D01F8/14D01F8/12D01F11/08D01F11/06D01D5/06
CPCD01F8/16D01F8/10D01F8/06D01F8/14D01F8/12D01F11/08D01F11/06D01D5/06
Inventor 王栋尤海宁梅涛赵青华宋银红吴建美陈卓蒋海青
Owner WUHAN TEXTILE UNIV
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