Recovery technology of waste lithium batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a recovery technology of waste lithium batteries. According to the technology, the waste lithium ion batteries are disassembled through shearing and crushing and then enter a pyrolyzing furnace for high-temperature pyrolysis, PVDF glue and electrolyte on pole pieces of the waste lithium batteries are pyrolyzed in a high-temperature anaerobic state, the pyrolyzed materials directly enter a hydrodynamic sorting system for sorting, shell pile heads in the waste batteries can be separated from copper-aluminum foil pole powder, and the pole powder attached to the surface of copper-aluminum foil is further stripped through a wet-method stripping system. The battery powder discharged from the pyrolysis system does not need to be subjected to the processes of dry-method screening, wind separation and the like, and the battery powder is directly subjected to hydrodynamic separation, so that pole powder dust raising can be avoided; lithium-containing compounds and graphite powder in the batteries are electric conductors and combustible materials, in the sorting process, if powder dust is raised and is attached to an electric switch for a long time, electric short circuit and ignition spontaneous combustion are easily caused, and potential safety hazards exist.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the recycling of lithium batteries, in particular to a recycling process for waste lithium batteries. Background technique [0002] my country has become the world's largest new energy vehicle market. In 2014, the sales volume of electric vehicles was 70,000, in 2015 it was 300,000, and in 2016 it reached 500,000. As the service life of batteries, key components of electric vehicles, gradually expires, the amount of scrapped power batteries is also increasing. In 2020, the cumulative decommissioning of power batteries in my country will reach about 200,000 tons, and by 2025 this figure will rise to about 780,000 tons. [0003] Scrapped lithium-ion batteries contain lithium hexafluorophosphate, organic carbonates, heavy metals such as cobalt, lithium, and copper, and plastics. These are precious resources with high recycling value. At present, there are mainly two ways to recycle waste power lithium-ion batteries: one is casca...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] The existing process is to separate the pole powder, copper and aluminum foil, and the shell pile head by dry screening or wind separation technology after the waste battery is crushed and pyrolyzed. This process has the phenomenon of positive and negative powder dust, electrical short circuit, ignition and spontaneous combustion, etc. Potential safety hazards have a great impact on the air environment and noise on site, and seriously affect the health of workers. The process also needs to be equipped with large suction dust collection and purification equipment, which increases the operating cost and investment cost of the system

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