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Method for fire refining of crude bismuth

A technology of pyro-refining and coarse bismuth, which is applied in the direction of improving process efficiency, etc., can solve problems such as polluting the operating environment, complicated treatment process, and affecting the direct yield of bismuth, and achieves less waste residue generation, reduced chlorine gas flow, and improved The effect of direct yield

Pending Publication Date: 2022-03-01
紫金铜业有限公司
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The silver-zinc shell produced in the process of adding zinc and removing silver will take away part of the bismuth, which directly affects the direct yield of bismuth, and the silver-zinc shell needs to be further processed to recover the silver. The recovery rate is not high, and the treatment process is also difficult. It is very complicated, and the zinc brought in needs to be further processed
For the chlorination refining process, there are also many disadvantages, such as the chlorine gas that is introduced will hurt people, pollute the operating environment, and severely corrode equipment at high temperatures.

Method used

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  • Method for fire refining of crude bismuth
  • Method for fire refining of crude bismuth
  • Method for fire refining of crude bismuth

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0026] The present embodiment provides a kind of thick bismuth pyro-refining method, as figure 2 As shown, the specific steps are as follows:

[0027] (1) First, 800kg of thick bismuth (Bi93.50wt%, Pb5.73wt%, Ag0.64wt%, As0.215wt%, Sb0.134wt%, Cu0.433wt%, Te0.164wt%) are decoppered by melting until The copper content in crude bismuth is 0.0015wt%; the process of smelting and removing copper is to melt the crude bismuth in a smelting pot, remove the molten slag at 600°C, and drop the temperature to 500°C to remove the copper slag for the first time , when the temperature drops to 350°C, remove the copper slag for the second time;

[0028] (2) the thick bismuth that removes copper through step (1) is that pressure is 10-30Pa, temperature is 1050 ℃ of conditions and obtains once thick bismuth (Bi98.99wt%, Pb0.63wt%, Ag0.008wt% by vacuum distillation 8h) , Sb0.011wt%, Te0.0033wt%, As0.0015wt%) and high silver coarse bismuth (Bi55.38wt%, Pb15.44wt%, Ag25.28wt%, Sb1.634wt%, Te0.8...

Embodiment 2

[0033] The present embodiment provides a kind of thick bismuth pyro-refining method, as figure 2 As shown, the specific steps are as follows:

[0034] (1) First, 1t of coarse bismuth (Bi82.65wt%, Pb11.77wt%, Ag1.04wt%, As0.65wt%, Sb0.55wt%, Cu0.53wt%, Te0.76wt%) is decoppered by melting until The copper content in crude bismuth is 0.0027wt%; the process of smelting and removing copper is to remove the molten slag at 620°C after melting the coarse bismuth in a melting pot, and remove the first copper removal slag when the temperature drops to 530°C , when the temperature drops to 370°C, remove the copper slag for the second time;

[0035] (2) the thick bismuth after step (1) removes copper is that pressure is 5-40Pa, temperature is 1100 ℃ of conditions and obtains once thick bismuth (Bi98.28wt%, Pb1.42wt%, Ag0.013wt% by vacuum distillation 12h) %, Sb0.084wt%, Te0.0064wt%, As0.0022wt%) and high silver thick bismuth (Bi33.92wt%; Pb24.86wt%; Ag34.65wt%; Sb1.46wt%; Te1.55wt%, As...

Embodiment 3

[0038] The present embodiment provides a kind of thick bismuth pyro-refining method, as figure 2 As shown, the specific steps are as follows:

[0039] (1) First, 500kg of thick bismuth (Bi96.34wt%, Pb2.31wt%, Ag0.34wt%, As0.27wt%, Sb0.083wt%, Cu0.12wt%, Te0.11wt%) is decoppered by melting until The copper content in crude bismuth is 0.0013wt%; the process of smelting and removing copper is to remove the molten slag at 620°C after melting the coarse bismuth in the smelting pot, and remove the copper slag for the first time when the temperature drops to 510°C , when the temperature drops to 380°C, remove the copper slag for the second time;

[0040] (2) the thick bismuth after step (1) removes copper is that pressure is 10-30Pa, temperature is 1000 ℃ of conditions and obtains once thick bismuth (Bi99.26wt%, Pb0.44wt%, Ag0.005wt% by vacuum distillation 6h) %, Sb0.54wt%, Te1.32wt%, As1.47wt%) and high silver coarse bismuth (Bi63.22wt%, Pb12.35wt%, Ag20.74wt%, Sb0.003wt%, Te0.00...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for fire refining of crude bismuth, and belongs to the technical field of fire metallurgy. The method comprises the following steps: removing copper from crude bismuth through liquation, performing vacuum distillation once to remove impurities such as lead and silver, and performing chlorination refining and final refining to obtain refined bismuth. According to the method, a refining pot zinc adding and silver removing procedure is replaced with a vacuum distillation technology, a part of lead, antimony, tellurium and arsenic are removed, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, crude silver with high silver content can be directly collected in a vacuum furnace through secondary vacuum distillation, generated secondary crude bismuth can be recycled, the cost is greatly saved, and the method is suitable for industrial production. And the subsequent zinc removal process is reduced, the chlorine introduction amount of subsequent chlorination refining is greatly reduced, the harm to the environment is greatly reduced, and the direct recovery rate of bismuth is improved. The whole technological process is safe and controllable, convenient to operate, simple in used equipment, high in raw material universality, high in bismuth direct recovery rate and small in waste residue generation amount.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pyrometallurgy, in particular to a method for pyrorefining crude bismuth. Background technique [0002] Bismuth metal is a silver-white brittle metal with poor ductility and easy powder formation. Its chemical properties are stable and it is an environmentally friendly material. It has important roles in the fields of ceramics, semiconductor materials, nuclear industry, chemical industry, fire protection and electrical facilities. effect. [0003] Coarse bismuth produced by reduction smelting, precipitation smelting and mixed smelting of bismuth ore contains many impurities. Even the bismuth-rich concentrate with high bismuth content, after smelting, its purity still cannot meet the requirements of users. The impurity components of crude bismuth are mainly divided into copper, lead, silver, arsenic, antimony, tellurium, tin, etc. They have a great influence on the properties of bismuth and cannot be used...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C22B30/06C22B9/02C22B9/04C22B11/02
CPCC22B30/06C22B9/02C22B9/04C22B11/02Y02P10/20
Inventor 邱发强张永锋陈一恒吴思鸿林家永冉懋超傅建斌
Owner 紫金铜业有限公司
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