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Alteration of oil traits in plants

a technology of oil phenotype and plant, applied in the field of plant breeding and genetics, can solve the problems of slow and expensive introduction of elite lines by traditional breeding techniques, serious limitations of using mutagenesis to alter fatty acid composition,

Inactive Publication Date: 2007-01-25
PIONEER HI BRED INT INC +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

This patent describes a group of nucleotide fragments that encode polypeptides with various activities. These fragments can be used to alter the oil phenotype in a plant by transforming the plant with a chimeric construct containing one or more of the fragments. The resulting plants have altered oil phenotype, such as increased or decreased oil content and altered oil composition. The invention has applications in the field of plant breeding and agricultural biotechnology.

Problems solved by technology

There are serious limitations to using mutagenesis to alter fatty acid composition.
In cases where desired phenotypes are available in mutant corn lines, their introgression into elite lines by traditional breeding techniques is slow and expensive, since the desired oil compositions are likely the result of several recessive genes.
However, application of each of these technologies requires identification and isolation of commercially-important genes.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Composition of cDNA Libraries; Isolation and Sequencing of cDNA Clones

[0222] cDNA libraries representing mRNAs from various plant tissues were prepared. The characteristics of the libraries are described below.

TABLE 2cDNA Libraries from Various PlantsLibraryTissueClonecbn10Corn Developing Kernel (Embryo andcbn10.pk0005.e6:fisEndosperm); 10 Days After Pollinationcbn10.pk0064.e6cc71se-aCorn Callus Type II Tissue, Somatic Embryocc71se-a.pk0002.e11:fisFormedcc71se-bCorn Callus Type II Tissue, Somatic Embryocc71se-b.pk0018.e4:fisFormedccaCorn Callus Type II Tissue, Undifferentiated,cca.pk0026.d6Highly Transformableccase-bCorn Callus Type II Tissue, Somatic Embryoccase-b.pk0003.b9:fisFormed, Highly Transformablecco1nCorn Cob of 67 Day Old Plants Grown incco1n.pk062.j7Green House*cco1n.pk086.d20:fiscco1n.pk0014.d4:fiscco1n.pk055.o18cco1n.pk089.g17cco1n.pk068.f18:fiscde1cCorn (Zea Mays, B73) developing embryocde1c.pk003.o22:fis20 dapcde1nCorn (Zea Mays, B73) developing embryocde1n.pk003....

example 2

Identification of cDNA Clones

[0228] cDNA clones encoding proteins involved in altering plant oil traits were identified by gene profiling (see Examples 6 and 8) and by conducting BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool; Altschul et al (1993) J. Mol. Biol. 215:403410; see also www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov / BLAST / ) searches for similarity to sequences contained in the BLAST “nr” database (comprising all non-redundant GenBank CDS translations, sequences derived from the 3-dimensional structure Brookhaven Protein Data Bank, the last major release of the SWISS-PROT protein sequence database, EMBL, and DDBJ databases). The cDNA sequences obtained in Example 1 were analyzed for similarity to all publicly available DNA sequences contained in the “nr” database using the BLASTN algorithm provided by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The DNA sequences were translated in all reading frames and compared for similarity to all publicly available protein sequences contained in the ...

example 3

Characterization of cDNA Clones Encoding Proteins Involved in Altering Oil Phenotypes

[0230] The BLASTX search using the EST sequences from clones listed in Table 3 revealed similarity of the polypeptides encoded by the cDNAs to receptor protein kinases, MEK3 homologs, Hap2 homologs, LIP 15 homologs, calcium EF-hand proteins, ATP citrate lyase, glucose metabolism proteins such as SNF1 homologs, Lec1 transcription factors, and seed developmentally regulated transcription factors such as CKC (Aintegumenta-like) homologs from various species including Arabidopsis thaliana, rice (Oryza sativa), corn (Zea mays), soybean (Glycine max), cucmber (Cucumis sativus), Sordaria (Sordaria macrospora), sesame (Sesamum indicum), grape (Vitis sp.), Brassica (Brassica napus), and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Shown in Table 3 are the BLAST results for individual ESTs (“EST”), the sequences of the entire cDNA inserts comprising the indicated cDNA clones (“FIS”), the sequences of contigs assembled from ...

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Abstract

The preparation and use of nucleic acid fragments useful in altering the oil phenotype in plants are disclosed. Chimeric constructs incorporating such nucleic acid fragments and suitable regulatory sequences can be used to create transgenic plants having altered lipid profiles. Methods for altering the oil phenotype in plants using such nucleic acid fragments also are disclosed.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 10 / 183,687 filed Jun. 27, 2002 which claims the benefit of U.S. Application Ser. No. 60 / 301,913 filed Jun. 29, 2001, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0002] The present invention is in the field of plant breeding and genetics and, in particular, relates to the alteration of oil phenotype in plants through the controlled expression of selective genes. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0003] Plant lipids have a variety of industrial and nutritional uses and are central to plant membrane function and climatic adaptation. These lipids represent a vast array of chemical structures, and these structures determine the physiological and industrial properties of the lipid. Many of these structures result either directly or indirectly from metabolic processes that alter the degree of unsaturation of the lipid. Different metabolic regimes in ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A01H1/00C07H21/04C12N15/82C12N5/04C07K14/415
CPCC12N15/8247C07K14/415
Inventor ALLEN, WILLIAM B.CAHOON, REBECCA E.EPELBAUM, SABINEOLIVEIRA, IGOR CUNHASHEN, BOTARCZYNSKI, MITCHELL C.
Owner PIONEER HI BRED INT INC
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