Solutions of silicon metal and methods of making and using same

Abstract

The present invention generally relates to a formulation created by reacting sodium hydroxide, water, and silicon metal which has unique properties and many uses. The instant invention is further directed to methods of producing and using such formulations.

Description

RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11 / 979,997 filed on Nov. 13, 2007 which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11 / 001,308, filed Dec. 2, 2004, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,293,568 issued Nov. 13, 2007, which claims priority to Provisional Application No. 60 / 526,140, filed Dec. 2, 2003. This application also claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10 / 913,483, now abandoned, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]The present invention generally relates to a formulation created by reacting sodium hydroxide, water, and silicon metal which has unique properties and many uses. The present invention further relates to methods of washing metal parts and cleaning using formulations comprising aqueous solutions of silicon. The present solution further relates to oil recovery using formulations comprising aqueous solutions of silicon.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENT...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

"The present invention is about a stable solution of silicon metal in water, which can be used in various applications such as oil extraction, cleaning, and construction materials. The solution has a ratio of silicon dioxide to sodium oxide of at least 3.8 and a pH of at least 11. The solution can also be made into a stable foam for fire and insulation purposes. The invention also includes methods for making the stable silicon solution and using it in various applications."

Problems solved by technology

One of the disadvantages associated with the use of silicon as a coating has been the difficulty of providing silicon in an aqueous medium.

While the resulting solutions may be useful, the manufacturing process disclosed is complex and dangerous and results in solutions that are unstable and inferior in quality and character to the solutions of the instant invention.

As such, these solutions are not suited to the methods of the present invention.

As in the '713 patent, the manufacturing process disclosed is complex and dangerous and results in solutions that are unstable.

Washing hydrocarbons from metal parts has long been a tedious and inefficient means of cleaning tools, parts, and / or metal components.

Hundreds of thousands of dollars are spent every month on cleaning solutions for use in parts washing machines around the country, and many of these solutions clean parts only marginally at best and leave unacceptable “dirty” parts at the end of the so-called cleaning cycle.

The combination of these cleaning solutions and their by-products create serious waste water and effluent problems.

Most cleaning products, e.g., petroleum based solvents, high pH industrial cleaners, etc., are (i) difficult to handle, (ii) highly volatile, and (iii) inherently toxic to our environment.

Moreover, petroleum products that are recovered from parts washing machines are contaminated and are not re-usable or re-cyclable.

And finally, many companies are forced to treat environmental effluent from the parts washing process to meet environmental standards, resulting in increased cost of business.

In many fields only 15-25% of the oil in place was actually recovered before reservoir pressure or drive was depleted or other factors made it uneconomical to continue to produce the field.

It has been estimated that at least 50% of the known oil reserves of the United States cannot be recovered using conventional pumping methods.

A substantial amount of this oil is of an abnormally low gravity, and / or high viscosity, often coupled with the fact that there is little or no pressure in the oil-bearing formation.

In the absence of formation pressure, even oil of average viscosity and gravity is difficult to produce without adding external energy to the formation to move the oil into a producing borehole.

Combustion of some of the oil in the formation through “fire-flooding” and heating a well bore serve to reduce the viscosity of the oil in place and enhance flow characteristics but lack a drive to force the oil through the formation and into a producing well bore.

However, these are primarily mechanical forces applied and operating only on an exposed face or surface of the formation, and if some chemical or molecular change is accomplished in the fluids in the formation, it is limited to a localized phenomenon.

Where particularly troublesome oil-water emulsions exist, treatment and chemical costs can escalate rapidly.

Its limitation is that significant quantities of the oil initially in place are left unrecovered after water flooding.

Thus, there remains a long-felt and unfulfilled need for a method of improved oil recovery.

These processes use a great deal of water, require large amounts of energy, and produce large amounts of hazardous waste.

It does not easily flow at normal ambient temperatures and pressures, making it difficult and expensive to process into gasoline, diesel fuel, and other products.

Current methods of extracting oil from tar sands are costly and environmentally unfriendly.

The current methods rely on vast quantities of water that then becomes contaminated.

Where particularly troublesome oil-water emulsions exist, treatment and chemical costs can escalate rapidly.

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