Infant nutritional compositions for preventing obesity

a technology for preventing obesity and nutritional compositions, applied in the field of preventing obesity, can solve the problems of affecting good growth and development, unable to generally reduce body fat mass, etc., and achieve the effects of reducing or eliminating the possible deficiency in fat, reducing the oxidation of la, and being easy to mobiliz

Inactive Publication Date: 2011-06-09
NV NUTRICIA
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0005]During infancy, body fat, especially subcutaneous fat, has the important function to maintain an adequate body temperature and to store energy. Therefore, it is not desirable to generally reduce body fat mass in infants, because this may interfere with good growth and development. Hence, a main aim of the present invention is to design a nutrition to be administered to an infant which ensures maintenance of normal body composition, growth and development during infancy but which reduces the accumulation of excess body fat mass later in life (i.e. after infancy), preferably during adolescence and / or adulthood.
[0009]However, administration of the present low LA formula may result in deficiencies. In order to reduce or remove the possible deficiency in fat due to the reduced administration of LA, the present inventors found that it is advantageous to include medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) in the present composition which is low in LA that is administered to an infant below 36 months. LA is an essential fatty acid, meaning that it cannot be synthesized within the body. As the present composition comprises a relatively low LA content, it is important that the LA included in the present composition is not converted to energy (by fat oxidation) and therefore not available for anabolic purposes. To reduce the oxidation of LA in the present low LA composition MCFA can suitably be added. MCFA are easily mobilized in the bloodstream to provide long-lasting energy, rather than being stored as fat and thereby reduce LA oxidation. Additionally it was surprisingly found that a composition rich in medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) also decreased total body fat mass later-in-life, while having no effect on body composition and growth during infancy. However, MCFA did not specifically reduce visceral fat mass accumulation, but resulted in an overall reduced fat mass content later-in-life. Including MCFA thus prevents LA deficiency and has an advantageous effect on obesity later in life. MCFA are therefore included in the present composition to a limited amount.
[0010]In addition the inventors recognized that designing an infant nutrition which is low in LA and with a low ratio of LA / ALA in order to prevent obesity later-in-life may impair the bioavailability and incorporation of LA and the n-6 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) which are biosynthesized from LA, particularly arachidonic acid (AA), in membranes of neurological tissues such as brain and retina. Such incorporation is of utmost importance in infants, particularly for development of the visual system and the brain, and is related to increased intelligence and cognitive skills later-in-life. Thus in an alternative way to prevent side effects of the present low LA composition, it was found that it is advantageous to incorporate n-6 LC-PUFA, especially AA in the present composition that is administered to an infant below 36 months. It was also found that a nutrition rich in n-3 LC-PUFA such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) also resulted in a decreased total body fat mass, without showing difference on total body fat mass and growth during the infancy stage. Thus, n-3 LC-PUFA are also advantageously incorporated in compositions for reducing obesity later-in-life. It is a further aim of the present invention to provide a low LA composition which gives a low insulin response.

Problems solved by technology

Therefore, it is not desirable to generally reduce body fat mass in infants, because this may interfere with good growth and development.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Programming Effect of Dietary Lipid on Adult Fat Tissue

[0067]Offspring of C57 / BL6 dams was standardized on postnatal day 2 to nests of 6 pups (4M and 2F) per dam. Dams were fed the experimental diet from day 2 onward until weaning. The lipid composition of the mouse milk reflects the fat composition of the diet. After weaning the male mice were housed in pairs and the experimental diet was continued until day 42 when all pups were fed the same diet containing lard and extra cholesterol (1%).

[0068]The experimental diets that were used were: 1) LC-PUPA diet (tuna fish oil); 2) Low LA, low LA / ALA diet (butter oil; low in canola oil, high in Trisun 80, no palm oil); 3) MCFA diet; 4) control diet (similar amounts of canola oil, coconut oil and palm oil). The fatty acid composition of the diets is presented in Table 2. At day 42, all mice switched to a “cafeteria diet” comprising 10 wt. % lipid (3 wt. % lard fat and 1 wt. % cholesterol) until day 98. The mice were weighed twice a week. Th...

example 2

Phospholipids Beneficially Affect Insulin Sensitivity

[0070]Nutritional compositions: A complete infant formula with extra added phospholipids (0.2 g / 100 ml) was manufactured using a commercially available buttermilk / butterserum concentrate of Lactalis as source. An infant formula with a comparable composition, but without added phospholipids was used as control. The concentration of added phospholipids was about 6.3 wt. % based on total lipid in the experimental formula and about 0.75 wt. % based on total lipid in the control formula. The experimental composition comprised about 1.4 wt. % sphingomyelin based on total lipid and about 4 wt. % cholesterol based on total lipid. The amount of sphingomyelin and cholesterol was negligible in the control formula.

[0071]Methods: 20 adult male Wistar rats (aged 10 weeks at the start of the experiment) were housed individually. After a 4 h fasting period, 10 animals were fed 2 ml of a composition. Three different compositions were tested in a c...

example 3

Blood Glucose / Insulin and Non-Digestible Oligosaccharides

[0073]Animals and treatment: Adult male Wistar rats (n=7) were given a GOS fiber load, cellulose load or water via a gastric canula on day 1. A 6 ml bolus load was administered equal to 50% of their daily fiber intake; GOS fiber used was transgalacto-oligosaccharides obtained from Elix'or (Borculo Domo). Fiber was dissolved in water. About 24 h later (on day 2) an oral glucose tolerance test was carried out and the postprandial glucose and insulin course was monitored for 120 min upon the intragastric injection of a carbohydrate load (2 g / kg body weight). To this end blood samples were drawn repeatedly via a jugular vein canula. Intragastric injection of water or a cellulose solution in water on day 1 served as control. As the GOS fiber preparation consisted of 50% of digestible carbohydrates (mainly lactose), the two control injections were co-administered with carbohydrates to correct for this.

[0074]Results: pre-treatment wi...

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for preventing obesity later in life by administering a certain nutritional composition to an infant with the age between 0 and 36 months. The composition comprises linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]The present invention relates to preventing obesity later in life by administering a particular nutritional composition to non-obese infants with the age below 3 years.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]Breast-feeding is the preferred method of feeding infants. However, there are circumstances that make breast-feeding impossible or less desirable. In those cases infant formulae are a good alternative. The composition of modern infant formulae is adapted in such a way that it meets many of the special nutritional requirements of the fast growing and developing infant.[0003]Still it seems that improvements can be made towards the constitution of infant milk formulae. For example little is known about the effects of ingredients in the infant formulae on obesity later in life. The present invention relates to such future health.[0004]WO 2005063050 describes a method of increasing lean body mass and reducing fat body mass in infants by administering to an infant...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A61K38/00A61P3/04A23L33/00
CPCA23L1/296A23L1/3008A23V2002/00A61K31/185A61K31/198A61K31/20A61K35/20A23V2250/1882A23V2250/1878A23V2250/54246A23V2250/612A23V2250/28A23V2250/1846A23L33/40A23L33/12A23L33/125A61K31/14A61K31/201A61K31/202A61K31/575A61K31/688A61K31/7016A61K31/702A61K38/1709A61P25/00A61P3/02A61P3/04A61P3/06A61P9/00A61P9/10A61P3/10
Inventor BOEHM, GUNTHERSIJBEN, JOHANNES WILHELMUS CHRISTINAZWIJSEN, RENATE MARIA LOUISE
Owner NV NUTRICIA
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