Method and chemical composition for reshaping hair

Abstract

The current invention comprises methods and compositions for straightening hair. Using embodiments of the current invention, curly hair can be effectively and safely straightened by a method that is milder and less damaging than the current art and does not employ ingredients such as formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde that are considered noxious and raise significant toxicological concerns. In one or more embodiments of the invention, a low concentration of sodium hydroxide (˜0.5-0.6%) is applied prior to the application of an oil (preferably a vegetable oil), followed by treatment with a flat iron, or similar, heated to ˜180-200° C. In one or more alternative embodiments of the invention, the sodium hydroxide and oil-containing compositions are combined and applied to the hair in a single step. The improvements extended by this invention beyond the current art include: reduced damage to hair; reduced potential for damage to the skin and eyes; elimination of noxious chemicals; avoidance of chemical systems that are banned in a number of countries; greater resistance to reversion; longer lasting results; and as a consequence of these considerations, potential for home (non-professional) usage.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]The present invention relates to the field of hair care, and, in particular, to a method and chemical compositions for reshaping hair.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]Human hair naturally grows in a number of shapes. For example, some persons have naturally straight hair, others have naturally curly hair. For fashion, appearance, manageability, or other reasons, persons often desire to change the shape of their hair from curly to various degrees of straight, or vice versa.[0003]The shape of human hair depends on the chemical composition and molecular arrangement of its keratin protein, primarily as it appears in the cells of the cortex. Keratin protein in these cortical cells is present in two different forms: as alpha helices stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonds to form stiff rods known as intermediate filaments, and as an amorphous mass in which the intermediate filaments are embedded. Importantly, disulfide bonds serve both to make this amorphou...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0010]Using embodiments of the current invention, curly hair can be effectively and safely straightened by a method that is milder and less damaging than the current art and does not employ ingredients such as formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde that are considered noxious and raise significant toxicological concerns. In one or more embodiments of the invention, a low concentration of sodium hydroxide (˜0.5-0.6%) is applied prior to the application of an oil (preferably a vegetable oil), followed by treatment with a flat iron, or similar, heated to ˜180-200° C. In comparison, current straightening products containing sodium hydroxide products employ this ingredient in concentrations of 2.0-2.3% and those non-sodium hydroxide products that employ heat, employ temperatures in the range of 190-230° C. It should be noted that prior to the invention described herein, it was not feasible to employ substantial heat (e.g., that typically provided by a straightening iron) in conjunction with sodium hydroxide or no-lye (guanidine carbonate-calcium hydroxide) hair straightening formulas because, due to the high level of alkali contained in these products, this would result in extraordinary damage to the hair and pose substantially increased risk of injury to the skin and eyes. In one or more alternative embodiments of the invention, the sodium hydroxide and oil-containing compositions are combined and applied to the hair in a single step. The improvements extended by this invention beyond the current art include: reduced damage to hair; reduced potential for damage to the skin and eyes; elimination of noxious chemicals; avoidance of chemical systems that are banned in a number of countries; greater resistance to reversion; longer lasting results; and as a consequence of these considerations, potential for home (non-professional) usage.

Problems solved by technology

Given that a significant portion of the rods upon which hair is wound during permanent waving are in close proximity to the scalp it would be dangerous to apply such high temperatures to stabilize the resultant curls.

The high temperature employed caused some degree of protein crosslinking but also rendered the hair brittle and excessively damaged.

Proper post-treatment neutralization of hair is important to recovery of its mechanical properties although most commercial acidic shampoos employed for this purpose are not adequately effective.

While lye systems are effective in straightening hair, the alkali is irritating to the scalp and inflicts significant damage to hair, albeit without the level of embrittlement caused by heating appliances.

While the latter category provides significantly longer lasting results it requires a far more tedious, lengthy and expensive process (which, typically, must be performed only by a professional); inflicts greater damage to hair; and the agents employed for crosslinking (notably formaldehyde) are noxious and raise toxicological concerns to the extent that they have been banned in a number of countries.

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