Low emission fuel pellet
a fuel pellet and low-emission technology, applied in the direction of solid fuel combustion, solid fuel pretreatment, lighting and heating apparatus, etc., can solve the problems of less efficiency and pollution, and achieve the effect of reducing pollution, avoiding or reducing
Inactive Publication Date: 2015-03-05
UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI
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Benefits of technology
The invention is based on the idea that certain compounds, such as chlorine, fluorine, sulfur, and mercury, which are present during combustion can be used to reduce the pollutants emitted during the process. By using compounds that decompose at combustion temperatures to form stable solid compounds with the pollutants, it becomes easier to remove them in-situ and avoid the need for post-combustion treatment. The invention also involves the use of sorbents that react with potential air pollutants to form stable solid compounds that can be removed with the ash. This leads to a reduction in pollutants emitted during combustion.
Problems solved by technology
Method used
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Embodiment Construction
[0019]The compressed fuel, which is referred to hereinafter simply as a pellet, is formed by combining one or more fuel sources and a chemical additive or sorbent designed to capture certain pollutants emitted during the combustion process, such as HCl, HF, SOx, heavy metals and the like. The fuel source can be a wide variety of different fuel sources, basically anything that can be combusted. In particular, the present invention is suitable for use with pelletized feedstocks and, in particular, pelletized recycled material.
[0020]Such pelletized feed stocks are designed to meet specifications for use in the specific boilers. In order to meet these specifications, the materials are tested for the specific properties required for: 1) combustion, 2) ability to make the fuel, 3) emissions requirements, and 4) comparability to traditional or currently utilized fuels. Feed stocks are qualified by testing the material for ultimate and proximate analysis, MACT metals, chlorine, fluorine, an...
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Abstract
Low emission fuel pellets are formed from fuel sources such as non-recyclable paper and plastic materials by combining sorbent(s) to the interior of the pellet as it is being formed or coating the pellet with sorbent(s) after it has been formed. The sorbent compound is a metal compound preferably formed from an alkaline or alkali earth metal or copper which will react with any acid gases and heavy metals formed during the burning of the pellets to form corresponding stable metal salts, which will remain in the ash.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0001]Combustion in stoker, circulating fluidized bed, rotary kiln, pre-heaters and other equipment utilize solid fuel to make steam, electricity, or heat for manufacturing products such as cement, lime, refractory, or other similar materials.[0002]Stoker boilers are designed to combust fuels on a grate which may be moving or stationary. Combustion air travels up through small spaces in the grates providing the primary combustion air to the fuel, typically coal of a size from 0.25-1.5 inches. However, other fuels such as biomass (paper, wood) refuse derived fuel (RDF), bagasse (sugar cane residue), and shredded tires have been successfully used as fuels in these boilers. The majority of stoker boilers in use in the United States consist of spreader stokers with traveling (moving) grates that have a significant portion of the combustion air provided by overfire air ports in order to increase turbulence, provide for better gas-oxygen mixing, and reduce the f...
Claims
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IPC IPC(8): C10L10/02F23J7/00C10L5/40
CPCC10L10/02C10L5/403C10L5/406C10L2200/0213C10L2200/0204C10L2200/0209F23J7/00C10L5/363C10L5/40C10L5/48C10L9/10C10L2290/20C10L2290/24F23K1/00F23K2201/505Y02E50/30
Inventor HARRELL, JOEKEENER, SUMANAKEENER, TIMOTHY CLARK
Owner UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI