Method for producing carbon black from waste rubber and device thereof

Abstract

A method for obtaining carbon black from rubber waste is provided. The method includes the thermal decomposition of rubber waste in a reactor, the separation of the decomposition products into gas-vapor products and into solid carbon-containing residues, the grinding of the carbon residues, the combustion of the gas-vapor products with the ground carbon residues by supplying the gas-vapor products into the combustion chamber, the mass consumption ratio of the gas-vapor products and of the ground carbon residues being between 1:(0.1-2). A device for obtaining carbon black from rubber waste is also provided.

Description

BACKGROUND[0001]1. Technical Field[0002]The present disclosure relates to the field of waste treatment, and can be used in the chemical industry for the production of carbon black, but also in the rubber industry for the production of components made of rubber mixtures.[0003]2. Description of the Related Art[0004]Several methods for treating scrap tires have been described in the prior art. In particular, U.S. Pat. No. 5,087,436 presents a vacuum pyrolysis method for obtaining carbon soot with temperatures of between 490 and 510° C., an absolute pressure of 5 kPa, an iodine absorption number of between 0.13 and 0.15 kg / kg, a dibutyl phthalate number (80-100) of between 5 and 10 m3 / kg, and a tinting strength of between 55 and 63.[0005]The method described in this patent has several drawbacks, including significant energy expenditure during the process and the complexity of introducing the waste into the reactor because of the need to create and maintain the vacuum in the combustion c...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention aims to solve problems in the prior art by reducing energy use and simplifying waste feeding. It also aims to reduce harmful emissions and improve carbon black quality by reducing ash and toxic minerals.

Problems solved by technology

The method described in this patent has several drawbacks, including significant energy expenditure during the process and the complexity of introducing the waste into the reactor because of the need to create and maintain the vacuum in the combustion chamber.

The disadvantages of this method lie in the significant energy expenditures required to implement the method due to the need to produce a reducing gas by incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons, as well as the complexity of introducing the waste into the reactor.

The disadvantages of this method include high energy consumption when the method is carried out and significant emission of harmful combustion products into the environment.

However, this method has several disadvantages.

In fact, it is accompanied by high consumption of energy, especially because of the need to produce reducing gas by incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons.

Environmentally harmful gases are emitted at the end of the incomplete combustion of these hydrocarbons.

For this reason, additional purification of the soot from the ash is necessary, resulting in additional energy costs.

High energy consumption is associated with creating the fluidized layer by pumping the heat transfer agent-solvent through the crumb rubber and carbon black, and with regeneration of the heat transfer agent-solvent, involving separation of the latter from the waste thermolysis products.

The relatively low quality of the carbon black produced is similar to the soot used in the production of rubber but cannot be considered a complete substitute, since it contains a large amount of ash in the form of zinc oxide, iron oxide, silicon oxide, etc.

The disadvantages associated with this method are high energy consumption, resulting in particular from the high temperatures used during pyrolysis (up to 1500° C.).

Significant amounts of environmentally harmful gases are emitted due to thermal decomposition of the gas-vapor products.

The soot produced is of relatively low quality, due to the large amount of impurities in the form of ash.

The disadvantages associated with this method again lie in the high energy consumption to produce 1 kg of soot and the large amount of carbon residues burned without soot formation during the common combustion with the gas-vapor products; the complexity in feeding waste into the reactor due to the need to extract oil from the gas-vapor products using special equipment; the significant emission of harmful combustion products into the environment, caused by the large amount of material burned (gases from the thermal decomposition of the oil, the gas-vapor products, a portion of the crushed carbon residues); and the relatively poor quality of the carbon black produced after combustion of a portion of the crushed carbon residues, since the proportion of carbon in the soot that forms is lower and the ash content is higher.

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