The invention discloses a synergistic insecticidal composition containing propargite and cycloprothrin and application thereof. The insecticidal composition takes propargite and cycloprothrin as main effective components, wherein the weight ratio of propargite to cycloprothrin ranges from (1:60) to (60:1). The composition provided by the invention can be used for preventing and treating a plurality of types of injurious insects, has a remarkable synergistic effect and can be used for expanding the insecticidal spectrum; the synergistic insecticidal composition has relatively high activity on prodenia litura, cabbage caterpillars, aphids, red spiders, spider mites, panonychus ulmi, soybean pod borers, leaf miners and the like of cotton, rice, soybeans, vegetables, fruit trees and tea trees; the dosage of pesticides is reduced, the residual amount of the pesticides on crops is reduced and the environmental pollution is alleviated; and the synergistic insecticidal composition is safe to human and livestock and has good environment compatibility, and the injurious insects cannot easily have drug resistance.